Global Star Party 150

Transcript:

for for
at the end of 2017 a Galaxy 236 million light years away began a rare and
dramatic transformation it's an event astronomers are still puzzling over one set off by
changes near its Central black hole they first explained this as a tidal disruption event that's when a
star wanders so close to a super massive black hole that it's torn apart a new study of observations
spanning the entire event suggests a different cause the trigger may have been a flip
in the magnetic field in the disc of material around the black hole the sun's magnetic field reverses
polarity every 11 years on longer time scales even Earth's magnetic field
flips starting in December 2017 the Galaxy began to brighten invisible and
ultraviolet light the source of this brightening appeared to be the disc of material around the super massive black
hole at the Galaxy Center it peaked 3 months later at
nearly 100 times times its previous brightness that's when regular
monitoring with NASA's Swift satellite began as the visible and UV brightened
x-rays from the Galaxy dimmed by August 2018 the higher energy x-rays had
disappeared completely a few months later the high energy x-rays came back even brighter
than before they returned to normal within a year these x-rays come from a cloud of
super hot particles near the black hole it's a feature called the corona which is formed by the strong magnetic field
the lack of higher energy x-rays means that this structure was essentially gone
based on observations from Swift Europe's xmm satellite and ground-based Optical and radio telescopes here's what
may have happened the visible Nu UV flare results
when the flow of matter into the black hole increases this may have started when the
magnetic field field in the disc's outer regions began to flip the weakened magnetic field can no
longer support the corona which vanishes the flipped magnetic field
gains strength restoring the X-ray Corona but the inward flow of matter is still high so this emission is stronger
than it was before the flare finally the Corona and dis returned to their States before the
flare now with a flipped magnetic field rapid change changes in UV and
visible light have only been observed in a few dozen active galaxies like this one but this is the first time x-rays
have been seen to drop out as other wavelengths brighten these surprising events offer a tantalizing Glimpse at
the extreme forces at work near an actively feeding super massive black
hole
[Music]
[Music]
well hello everyone and welcome to the 150th Global star party I'm here with uh
a bunch of people backstage and uh our co-host uh David Levy and uh can
you believe it David 150 of these things it's it's been uh it's been
amazing yeah it's been really very very special and I still remember that time
when when you called and said I want to put on this event called the global star party and I'd like you to come to each
one and recite a poem and 150 times later I'm still doing it or trying to
are yes you are that's right and we've had some amazing people on over the
years um you know the whole project was started uh to you know bring people
together during uh our pandemic lockdown and uh uh you know through those years
and uh the you know audience participation and uh different people I
learned that there were other reasons why uh astronomers are sometimes on lockdown you know uh maybe it's just how
remote that they might live or you know they're caring for somebody they're a caregiver uh or they may uh you know be
physically challenged somehow uh to not be able to get out uh but uh through
Global Star Party they've been able to connect with uh many uh you know luminaries in um the amateur astronomy
world uh in some cases The Professional World we've had people like Alan Stern
from New Horizons on this program we've had uh Dr Linda spilker from the Jeet
propulsion laboratory uh actually several scientists on from the Jeet propulsion laboratory we've had
scientists on from uh other um uh institutions as well
so Jeff why says my audio is low how is that okay so anyways um uh but uh and
we've done uh we did live presentations all of this is live uh
David Levy hung in with us for 24 hours straight one time when we were doing the
the great conjunction around the world and and all of that for
that it was amazing so um but um tonight
we have uh you know at at least a dozen presenters uh to come on tonight and um
uh so uh some of them agreed to come on uh uh even with their very tight
schedules and one of those people that has an extremely tight schedule is uh Professor Kareem jeffar and Kareem has
been he's done many Global star parties with us including one that we did for
for astronomy day where we actually got du Berger who uh created astronomy day
on that program so um he is uh he was a little difficult to find before um but
uh he did agree to come on with us and it was just it was just spectacular I'd long wanted to uh meet the person that
started astronomy day and you know that kicked off the astronomy week and astronomy month and and uh and now we
have two astronomy day type of celebrations every every year you know in the spring and the fall so anyways
Doug if you're listening or if you watch this later um we are all wishing you
well and so uh Kareem I'm going to have you come on and
um let's uh after doid though right we can do doid first that's right
okay all right that's right okay I will be how would I forget that so there we
go I will be a little bit quick tonight because I'm anxious as you are to hear
what Kareem has to say but um my poem tonight for the
150th Global star party is um and you might have guessed
it would be 150 bottles of beer on the wall but it's not uh it's from a uh a
book called West Running Brook that was published in
1928 and it contains poems by Robert Frost and the section that I'm quoting
from is the lovely shall be choosers and there is a poem in that section called
acquainted with the night turns out it's one of his most famous poems I have been
one acquainted with the night I have walked out in rain and back in rain I
have outw walked the furthest City Light I have looked down the saddest City Lane
I have passed pass by The Watchman on his beat and dropped my eyes unwilling
to explain I have Stood Still and stopped the sound of feet when far away
an interrupted Cry came over houses from another street but not to call me back
or say goodbye and further still at an unearthly height one luminary clock
against the sky proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right
I have been one acquainted with the night thank you and back to you very
cool that's a great poet wonderful okay all right so um uh being
that you and Kim have long known each other do you want to introduce Kareem
and yeah I would I would be very honest to do that yeah we've known Kareem for
many years he is right now one of the most active people
in the Montreal center of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and I know that group very well
intimately it is the first astronomy club I was ever a part of and has
remains my favorite astronomy club despite the fact that in 1967 I was
almost expelled from it maybe one of these times I could tell you about that but it's become it's become really a
legend and quite a neat story and every time Kareem has something to say it's really interesting original and
exciting so Kareem it's all yours oh thank you doid I I don't know that I can
live up to that but I'll try my best uh hi everyone it's a great to be
back on the global star parties and it's fantastic to be celebrating GSP 150 um I
try most gsps to talk about something on topic and I'm going to break that mold
today to some degree because Scot put me down as a Rask update and I actually have a few things I want to talk about
that we've been doing up here in Montreal because it's been a little while since I've been on a GSP and there
was a total solar eclipse there were a couple of other neat things happenings I want to share with you a little bit of
what we've been doing up here in the Montreal Center and I also want to highlight a few things for all of the
other Outreach uh volunteers Educators coordinators out there in our audience because I find every now and then we
come across a neat trick or a neat tool or a neat idea that uh we share amongst
our community and everybody gets to benefit from this across the world so as always uh you know I'm I'm here at John
Abbot College in Montreal Quebec Canada I'm the uh physics Prof here who teaches
the astronomy course but it's only in the fall and for the rest of the year I'm the Outreach guy and I'm currently
just at the end of my term as an honor science coordinator here and you got to hear from a few of my honor science
students last time I was on a global Star Party talking about the ISS mimic project but what I want to talk to you
about today is a little bit of what I've been doing with the John Abbot College space Club I do want to mention within
my other Outreach areas you know the low brows which I share with Adrien Bradley who's a astrophotographer on the gsps
often and who will be on later tonight but on space audities that's a show that we have every Tuesday afternoon that is
based out of the UK at 8:00 uh UK time which is around uh 3:00 p.m. for us here
in Montreal 400 p.m. uh or 2: p.m. central Time we just celebrated our second anniversary today and I can't go
without saying anything about the Ever Changing Cosmos and in our second anniversary today towards the end of our
discussion we were talking about what we're looking forward to and we had already talked about our best news
stories of the past two years and we mentioned James web we mentioned the return of Osiris Rex from asteroid benu
we mentioned a few of the other launches and some of the amazing work being done by The Event Horizon telescope but
looking forward one of the neat things that will help us to understand the everchanging cosmos is the newest images
that came out of uid and the soon to be first images from Vera Rubin and we can
start to explore soon hopefully dark matter and a little bit more from the observational perspective and so I'm
hoping later in the summer to give a bit of a talk on what we hope to see coming from some of those but again today I
want to focus a little bit on what the space Club has been doing here in the Montreal Center and I always start with
the land and Sky acknowledgement and we are currently on unseated indigenous lands here in Montreal but we also share
the sky with our our ancestors our native peoples from across the world and
cultures from all times and at the moment we are in our waning gibbus phase
of the Frog croaking Moon here in the east coast of Canada and you can hear the frogs having their lovely uh
serenades at night uh especially right now in stormy season we've had some really heavy storm rains uh the last
couple of days and the settlers would call this a flower Moon you know April showers bring May flowers so we can
always acknowledge a little bit of what's happening in nature when we look up at the sky part of that was really evident
during the eclipse times because the legends of the eclipses really captured the imagination of the First Nations
because all of a sudden something that was Central to the sky appeared changed or gone which was the Sun and
our Avid GSP uh fans might remember that uh we've been working towards this total
solar eclipse event all year and I was mentioning different things that we were doing in the Montreal Center to get us
prepared for this wonderful event we brought Partners on board we had all sorts of activity set up and the space
Club itself actually began during the 2017 partial solar eclipse with a team
including Emily lafes who uh you've gotten a chance to meet uh she's currently doing her PhD at Purdue in
planetary science well this year we had a huge team of students take the lead
and we were able to have an incredible experience with between four to 6,000 people with us during totality and we
gave out over 4,000 eclipse glasses that day just on site here at John abot college and I would be happy at some
point to share some of the images and some of the videos that we took that day but what I thought I would share with you is some of the other things that we
did that made it a different experience for us at John Abbot College so the first thing was at the last minute I got
a request from a compai teacher to set up a station so that they could do some measurements during the eclipse so we
had raspberry pies running different sensors and we were able to measure the temperature change the humidity change
and the Luminosity of the sun changing around these sensors over this entire
span and you can see how the humidity spiked as the temperature dropped as you
approached totality and the neat thing is is you can also interpret some of the dips because people were walking over to
see what the equipment was and putting their head in front of these sensors which only affected the Luminosity it
didn't affect the temperature and humidity nearly as much so you can kind of gain a lot of scientific knowledge at
John Abbott we only had 75 seconds of totality so we didn't have enough to do any of the larger scale experimentation
that we tend to do around total solar eclipses like looking for the effects of general relativity but because we had
the chance to do this measurement it gave us some quantitative information that we could carry forward with us one
of the big things that we also wanted to do was find novel ways to share this with people so that they would benefit
from the in-person experience of the total solar eclipse rather than watching it from home on their computers or on
the TV screens so we had a program Arts and Sciences build three pinhole rooms
and we had different patterns projecting the various partial phases in these 8 by 8 by8 pinhole rooms and then the
students took turns giving these tiny little presentations about Optics about the understanding of a pinhole camera
and the flipping of the image from what you're seeing to what you actually see projected in front of you we had our
astronomers themselves with hydrogen Alpha cameras with solar filters trying to take as best as they could the
capture of the entire iteration of this wonderful event and then we had for kids
these wonderful masks that were suggested by my colleague Chris Kerwin at astronomy by the Bay who we had on a
GSP about a year and a bit ago uh these masks the stud the kids got a chance to
decorate them we stapled the eclipse glasses inside so that they would want to wear them because it gave them kind
of this identity this this way to walk around and have those eclipse glasses but be able to show it off in kind of a
fun way we also had of course our our viewer stations to show with pinhole viewers cereal boxes foil pin holes to
be able to do that large pinhole projection yourself in a small confine way and then we made a community mural
for the Eclipse which was led by our let's talk science team and then on the
actual moment of the eclipse I was really touched because my parents joined me they traveled from guol Ontario 6
hours by train and my aunt came down and they got to experience their first total solar eclipse right alongside me now the
total solar eclipse happened on April 8th and a month later was my 50th birthday and so my wife surprised me
with the diamond ring effect on an clipse cake along with that Sunset effect extending along the horizon wow
that I thought you know bucket list item off my bucket list I've turned 50 you know this has been a wonderful year and
two days later we get the Aurora Borealis extending through not just to
us here in Montreal but extending all the way down to doid in Arizona there were IM there were views and photographs
from tenar there were photographs from South America from places that never seen an eclipse an aurora before and we
got to experience this in such a degree that just driving along the highway my wife was able to capture pictures of the
colors of the Aurora with the almost well the very bright moon right there
and the bird structure that feathery Phoenix structure that we hear in the tales from the First Nations was evident
constantly throughout the night there was this wonderful Cloud that was kind of hanging around near the setting Moon
all that evening and we were able to capture it at different moments and I actually got this printed for my wife
for our anniversary because I thought this was just such a beautiful landscape picture and then I decided to spend some
time looking North and I was really gratified to see that even with my cell phone camera I was able to split the
double star in the Big Dipper while capturing the Aurora there in the background now this is all great and the
cell phone cameras could capture a lot when you took the pictures but with videos of cell phone cameras it's harder
to do and my wife's cousin was there with an iPhone and she found this fantastic trick that I want to share
with people because with the sun approaching solar maximum we may have more opportunities for Aurora so if you
set your phone up in video mode but with the long exposure camera setting it
gives you these previews of a 3 second or a 5-second stack now if you go to
press video it's only going to give you that live image and you're not going to see very much but if you keep that
preview and you do a screen record instead now you get that long exposure
video with just a little bit of pixelation but otherwise you get to see all the benefits all the features of the
Aurora in the sky moving it real time now this type of a video clip when you
capture it you can then trim it and once you've trimmed it it looks like you've taken a long exposure with the DSLR
camera and been able to actually even move it around and capture different parts of the sky different parts of the
Horizon and you can capture the entire auroral curtain so my wife's cousin
inara Tajin came up with this approach to use her iPhone 4 and while she was
doing this I had my DSLR camera set up and I thought I was doing the great thing with the DSLR camera but as you
can see I didn't get nearly as much impact or in as much resolution and
color as she did now I was looking at different area of the sky admittedly and you can still see some wonderful
features here on this time lapse from my DSLR camera but if you're out there and
you have your cell phone camera please do get that type of a setup with this preview of a long exposure because
you're going to capture some incredible movement it was it's you know just like with the eclipse having my parents there
having my family there with me for the Aurora this is what for me makes astronomy special is having my students
having my my family having my local astronomers my fellow Rascals there with me and we were about over the span of
the night close to 150 of us going through this small car Park area in Hudson
Quebec now last Wednesday during dovid's birthday he joined us for our last
public event of the spring which is observatories it was a talk of 25 years
of visits to ancient observatories and included yerys which is here which is on my bucket list of places to go visit one
of the neat things that happened is our speaker Daniel provensal was talking about the observatories in tenar and
some of the ones that he'd gotten to see and then he mentioned that he was there for the staris festival which was just
wonderful because he was there for either staris 2 or three and so then we started chatting about staris and this
concept of music and astronomy and so again David already has mentioned this but if you've never been to a staris
make it your point to go to the next one CU these are incredible events now today
I got a chance with my students to go and visit the Canadian space agency and this will be an entire talk in itself
sometime down the road but I wanted to share with you just a couple of highlights to wet your tongue to wet
your pallet about what the CSA has to offer so this is us at the entrance and
there's construction going on and so we weren't quite sure what the building itself looked like but inside there's
the flags of all the provinces and territories of Canada and then when you look up you actually see a view very
similar to the window of the ISS and then when you look down you actually see a solar system pattern where you can
identify different orbits and the orbital spacing goes through much of the
first floor of the building to represent the distances to the different planets to the asteroid belt Etc and so here's
Earth at our third orbital Planet there when you look at the entire Space Center
building the John Chapman center it's actually built to mimic the International Space Station and it's
modular so you can add to it at different points so there's a spoke and wheel type of a of a setup where you can
move out from that Center coua and move to different areas and those different areas are structured in that way where
you can add to them as time goes on now it's right now in Canada a lot of our
focus is on our return to this to the moon and then hopefully using the moon
as a stepping stone to Mars afterwards and the Canada arm and the Canada arm 2 are some of the largest impacts that
Canada has given to space exploration as is understood by most of the world but we have a lot of different satellites
and instruments on telescopes that were featured there at the Canadian space agency and the James Webb Space
Telescope we've talked about it before and some of the cameras and instruments and the fine guiding sensor that were built here in Canada in Montreal well we
were really fortunate because our tour guide today was Julie clavo who was the deputy program manager for the James
Webb Space Telescope here in the Canadian space agency so she was talking
to the students about the way in which these types of projects are managed and all the different things that go into
putting a telescope like this up into space so I'm hoping down the road I can bring Julie on for one of our Global
star parties we got to see the mission control the where the Canada arm is actually used from the ground around and
where some of the cameras and the Dexter and the mobile service unit are all oriented and the flight patches of
everything that the Canadian space agency has been involved in with the International Space Station and then we
got to see the training room where astronauts from across the world come to get trained on using this Canada arm and
it's all three components of the Canada arm Dexter the little hand that you see there on the left the large Canada arm
which is like an elbow and both the forearm and the upper arm and then the shoulder which is the Mobile Service
Unit which moves to different places along the International Space Station we also got to see some of the testing
grounds for trying out different aspects of Rovers for future missions and I
actually ran into Dr Farah Alibi from JPL at the CSA today who is one of the
perseverance robot drivers for the Drone for the for the Rover that's on Mars right now then we got to meet David Sak
who has come back from space during covid and is now stationed out of the Canadian space agency and so we got to
have a little bit of time with him and he answered a few questions from the students and then POS for this wonderful
picture with us this was an incredible experience and as always you know it's wonderful to share some of these things
that we do at the Montreal center with everyone I also was incredibly fortunate
because this is the last day that I'm seeing my students before the summer vacation and they decided to present me
with a mug that shows the logo of the total solar eclipse that was made by our
one of our exec Evelyn Lou Who was taking a Physics course with me and then on the back we have the logo of the
space club and all of the students who helped to organize the different aspects of the eclipse event signed it for me so
they told me this was for my coffee but I've got my coffee mug I don't want to make this mug dirty at all I want this
mug to be there for posterity so I want to thank my students the John ABA College space club for making this an
incredible year and I want to invite anybody if you're in Montreal at any point you want to come to one of our
events just drop me a line we'd love to have you join us whether it's under the stars whether it's in the library or
whether it's just for a chat over coffee Scott back to
you okay all right so let's um let's bring back uhh David Levy and we will
introduce uh our next speaker uh since both of you guys are rasque members okay
and our next speaker is a rasque member as well uh this is uh I'm also a Ras
member so that makes four of us you got four we're starting to outnumber everyone else the astronomical league is
gonna have to be careful here right that's right uh but uh up next is Nathan helner mlan and uh what can you guys uh
what can you guys say about this particular young uh science writer so
those are those people who've been reading Sky News when it was still coming out will have read you know articles by doid but also these
incredible witty cartoons and comic strips by Nathan and Nathan has been a
presenter on the global star parties before a few times he's now an accomplished author he was here in Montreal for a uh for a book event uh
just last month in between the eclipse and the Aurora and doid and I have yet
to have a chance to kind of sit down and pick Nathan's brain but I'm hoping that since we have a published poet in doid
and a published artist and and writer in Nathan that we've got kind of the buddings here of a great mentorship or a
cool really interesting perspective book by two authors that would be wonderful to hear um doid have you had a chance to
meet Nathan or talk to him at one of the general assemblies uh yes um we I've met
him many times on the global star party and uh really impressed
with the uh work that he's doing but most important of all is he's doing
stuff that I wish I could have been doing when I was his age and I wasn't I
was just being a lazy bum essentially and it's nice to know that there's
someone in the Next Generation here two generations away from me who is really
going to make a contribution and is making a contribution absolutely so without any further Ado Nathan we're all
yours hi everyone uh it's so nice to be back on and congratulations Scott on 150 that
that is fabulous thank you very much thank you it's really exciting to have
you back on and uh I was reading a little bit about your new book I'm going to have to get a copy of it um but uh uh
tell us tell us what's been going on in your world yeah so it has kind of been
dominated by the book lately uh it's been a lot of sort of publicity events um I'm really excited today to kind of
tell you about the story of sort of the contents of the book and what inspired me to write that um but uh
koream thanks for talking about the total eclipse because I was also in Montreal at the time to watch it and
that was amazing we actually kind of divvied up the family because we weren't
sure which location was going to get a clear sky or not so my parents actually saw it from a different location and we
we we both did get to see the Sun get blotted out of the sky but afterwards uh I was kind of asking my parents if they
could tell me what they saw and they said no son
ah but regardless uh without further Ado I would really like to uh just sort of talk to you guys
about this project of mine and it's called Cosmic wonder and this is the
name of the book I've written the original subtitle I wanted was the scientific guide to having a perfect
existential crisis however this wasn't quite um what the publisher wanted and
and for good reason but yeah I don't intend to give anyone here an existential crisis but that was kind of
part of the waiver you signed subconsciously when you got onto this webinar so without further Ado this is a
story about the known and unknown universe so it's taking what we know uh as scientific fact about where we are in
the universe and then extending it into some speculation that to me is like a
probably the closest I've ever come to being spiritual just like appreciating where we are in the big picture uh
and yeah so it kind of started uh a while ago when I
was I believe I was four got completely obsessed with the Scale of the Universe
and started drawing these posters with giant stars as like circles and then
this little blue pencil dot on it that was meant to be our planet drawn to scale and I would run up to my parents
and I'd be like Mama daddy we don't matter is this epiphany of sorts and uh
that kind of trails on to the rest of my life just kind of this fascination with the big picture so I had a chance to
hang out at astronomy events and when I was 10 years old I joined the Astronomical Society the Royal
Astronomical Society of Canada so I am a proud rasque member along with many of you here tonight um and so the first
question I want to ask everyone is what's up tonight because while this may
seem like a mundane social introduction what's up is actually one of the most
profound questions I have ever asked because what is up this picture I drew
uh which is one of the first illustrations about book is showing the way the Earth is tilted relative to the
solar system at my latitude and that is probably different for a lot of you uh
here tonight but that is what the inclination of the earth is relative to the ecliptic for most of the day where I
am and for the folks in Montreal that is also the same for you and the idea for
this book kind of began when I was 12 years old in 2020 watching a total lunar
happen and this was kind of like most other lunar eclipes except for something that happened halfway through the
eclipse in 2020 well we were watching around 11:00 p.m. and I had my telescope
set up across the street from my house and my friend was also watching through
the telescope and I was going to take a break get something to eat so I stepped
away went to get some cookies and while I was walking to get some cookies my friend like shouts did you see that whoa
of course I hadn't because I was eating a cookie at the time um but he had seen
a small flash on the moon's surface and I did not think much of that could have
been a hallucination for all I cared until I looked at the news the next day the next morning and it's like right
there on the headlines asteroid impacts the moon during total lunar eclipse and
it turns out that my friend had been one of a few thousand people across the world to have seen a tiny flash on the
moon surface as an asteroid the size of a house collided with the surface of the Moon releasing the energy of tens of
thousands of kilograms of TNT and exploding a crater the size of a neighborhood
and it was kind of cataclysmic what happened on the moon like if this thing
had hit a city on earth it would have leveled a building and fires would have started and probably hundreds of people
would have died and Medical Aid would have been urgently needed but because it hit the Moon instead basically nobody
saw it except for a few thousand people who happened to be looking in the right direction and this was the kind of perspective that really set me off on
this journey to write this book because it just made me think how much absurdity out there is happening that we just
don't notice here on Earth because we are all here eating our cookies on the surface of our planet um yeah the night
sky is an interesting concept because it's still there in the daytime it's just kind of painted over with this veil
of blue Air and so just to kind of get everyone in the mood of the concept of
my book I just want everyone to take like a yoga breath three seconds in three seconds out because that's kind of
what I like to do to just get the perspective in three two
one and here are some statistics about everything that just happened in those six seconds Across the Universe so while
we are here eating our cookies uh everything is happening out there it's
kind of mindboggling and I think there's really any way to wrap anyone's head around it really but the goal of my book
was to kind of give a glimmer of an ounce of a fraction of a mo of dust of
comprehension just to perhaps instill that sort of cosmic perspective that I don't believe me or anyone on this
planet can really comprehend but it's still a inspiring to just get a sense of it and so this brings me to three
fundamental questions that I really wanted to answer or at least provoke some question questions for in my book
which are where are we in the universe where are we from in the universe and lastly where are we going and the first
thing that I wanted to look at was where are we and it's a very strange question to pose because in the Scale of the
Universe it just doesn't work because in the time that I've been giving this presentation so far the Earth has
already moved around a 100,000 miles through space we are moving at 600 km
every second which means like when people ask me where I was born I'm tempted to say Winnipeg but a more
accurate answer would be I was born in a desolate region in space that's now 800 billion kilometers away and will never
be Revisited by the Earth ever again so where are we in the universe that's always changing but using a sort of
metric to measure the absolute distances to everything we can get a sense of where we are relative to everything else
and for that we need the fastest thing in the universe which is the speed of light nothing can break the speed of
light it is the ultimate speed limit of the cosmos it's like a highway speed limit except police officers have a much
harder time pulling you over and the finds are outrageous um but the moon stars
everything is separated by great distances in space and that takes time for light to travel that distance
because light is really fast but not instantly fast some of you guys on this webinar are on the other side of the
planet which means even despite Wi-Fi delays and slow
reception there is fundamentally a tiny lag in the time between when I say these
words and when you see them because it takes time for the light to wrap around the planet bounce off those communication satellites and make it to
your computer of course it's like a fraction of a second here on Earth but for
objects out there in the universe the distance has become so large that it's seconds minutes hours even years the
delay between when something happens and when the light reaches you so you can see that it happened and our solar
system is huge I mean it took decades for our fastest spacecraft to leave it
it's just a few hours for a beam of light to travel from one end to the other so that is just a speck compared
to some of the bigger things out there like our Milky Way galaxy it's so big it takes a 100, years for a beam of light
to travel from one end to the other and this raises some interesting thought-provoking implications which is
Humanity has has only been around for a few hundred thousand years and human civilization has only been around for
12,000 years which means all the light that we've ever emitted in human
civilization is only big enough to fill this circle here in the diagram with the rest of the Galaxy fundamentally unaware
of our existence because there has literally not been enough time in the entire history of human civilization for
any of our lights to reach them this also has some nice soless in that we are
going to die day but our light will keep emanating out there in the universe forever so our images in some form or
another will never go away really they will just get fainter and more dispersed
but our lights as far as we know light is forever so light will just keep expanding as we know the Milky Way is
not the biggest thing it's just one Galaxy out of several dozen in the local group of galaxies which is just one
group out of several dozen in the lakia supercluster of galaxies which is just one of 10 million super clusters in the
observable universe and as many of you may know the observable universe is everything we can ever see and it is
46.5 billion light years in radius which means a beam of light would take 46.5
billion years to get from here to the edge of the observable universe but wait that shouldn't make sense right because
the universe since the Big Bang is only 13.8 billion years old well that's where
the expansion of the universe comes in because it's taken so long for light from 13.8 billion years to reach us that
in the time that it's taken to reach us the universe has almost tripled in size
and that brings me to the point where the observable universe it's worth clarifying it's just an optical illusion
it's just a matter of the fact that it's taken so long for light from the edge of the universe to reach us that we can
only see a certain distance because beyond that point there has literally not been enough time since the big bang
for light to reach us but there is still stuff Beyond the Edge of the observable universe just nothing we can see in fact
current theories predict the universe is actually infinite in size and here we are limited to our tiny little bubble of
light in the middle of an infinite Cosmic Abyss in fact when we look at galaxies at the edge of our observable
universe little do we know but they can actually see their own other observable universe from their point of view with
them in the middle which we cannot even hope to imagine because that is beyond our observable universe so every point
in the universe has its own observable universe that kind of restricts what it can see to that same sort of 46.5
billion light yearwith from what could well be an
infinite number of stars and galaxies and as for answering the question where are we I think this has only gone to
further demolish any hint that we have any clue where we are in the universe
which brings me to the next part where do we all come from uh and this stems from a question that I asked a lot when
I was little and I'm sure most of you did too it's where do babies come from and of course if you take the innuendo
and the scientific validity of the statement babies come from The Big
Bang but of course if we really extrapolate this back this becomes less a question of where babies come from and
more a question of where everyone comes from and for that matter if you take all the
atoms in your body and you just dial back the clocks I wanted to ask the question
where would you find those atoms those particles at various points of the universe's history and what I found was
that just seven years ago in the past our bodies are recycling themselves so
fast that just seven years in the past you did not contain a single atom that you are now made of because as we
respirate and we breathe out and we eat and we excrete and we shed skin cells our
bodies are completely regenerating themselves atomically every seven years
we are just retaining the same sort of physical form but the atoms themselves are always moving out and about and a
few hundred years ago your atoms were more or less evenly distributed around the Earth's crust around the biosphere
so this packet of atoms that we call you is a very recent Creation in the story
of the universe and if we go back throughout the history of life atoms have been part of several dozen
organisms over the course of the Earth's history and uh another really Nifty
coincidence that is well known is that there's around 10 to the power of 22
molecules in Every Breath You Take and around 10 to the power of 22 volumes of
human breath in the atmosphere which means when you average it out Every Breath You Take has around one breath um
sorry Every Breath You Take has around one atom from every breath that has ever been taken which means Every Breath You
Take has one atom from Caesar's last breath from Shakespeare's first breath
upon performing Romeo and Juliet for the first time from the breath of the first
amphibian to ever crawl onto the surface of the Earth and so like the atoms that are around us they have a wild wild
history and if we go all the way back to the beginning of this planet well our solar system came from a cloud of gas
and dust floating somewhere in the Milky Way that collapsed in on itself due to gravity and formed the Sun at the center
and the rest of the planets around the outside of course the elements In This Cloud kind of separated because the sun is mostly hydrogen and helium and the
Earth is mostly iron and silicone but in a very real sense the atoms in your body
came from the same place and was probably mixed in pretty evenly with the atoms that are now part of the Sun and
Jupiter and Saturn and every other object in the solar system and that cloud that formed the solar system if we
dial back the clocks even further came from a star that was much bigger than
the Sun that ran out of fuel and exploded in a supernova explosion um and
the cool thing about Supernova explosions is they are so powerful that they cook up heavy elements like iron
and nickel and gold and silver and platinum if you go all the way back to
the Big Bang you'd find that the only elements that the universe itself is capable of creating just from The Big
Bang is hydrogen and helium and when I look at myself I am pretty sure I am more than just hydrogen and helium uh
and so when you think about how those other elements could have been created there is really only one major
possibility for where those were formed which is at the core of a star blowing up and so if you dial back to clocks far
enough every atom that is not hydrogen in helium in all our bodies in all of
this Society in our planets came from the core of an exploding star some billions of years
years ago and perhaps has been part of many stars over the history of the universe and if you go all the way back
to the very beginning you can actually trace the structure of the entire universe down to just a few subatomic
particles that appeared right after the universe began so when the universe was small enough to hold in the palm of your
hand perhaps even smaller when it was just a nanc old this was just like this
tiny compact ball of extreme unimaginable energy and it was more or
less completely smooth um except there were a few tiny particle fluctuations so
little particles popping into existence all the time basically and when these particles appeared they left little
dents little like fingerprints almost in this otherwise perfectly smooth baby
universe and these little fingerprints created hot spots and cool spots in what was otherwise completely neutral and
over time as the universe expanded those hot spots and cool spots went from the size of particles to the size of
galaxies and even larger and those hot spots and cool spots eventually became denser and more empty and eventually led
to all the structure of the galactic superclusters we see in our universe today so where do babies come from you
can really Trace that question back to a couple subatomic particle fluctuations just a nanc after the big bang and they
do not teach that in sex Edge when you ask where do babies come from but
there's has that for a big picture answer and as for where we are going we need to talk about Cosmic
doomsday it's an interesting concept doomsday if you add up all the doomsdays
in all the world's major religions combined you get around 200 ends of the world that should have happened by now
but in the very real sense our world is going to end in fire when you quote Robert Frost will the world end in fire
or ice spoiler alert it's fire in around 5 billion years uh the sun will expand
and consume the Earth but the UN universe itself is also scheduled for a cosmic
doomsday and the fate of the universe kind of depends on a battle between two Cosmic forces one of them trying to pull
things together which is gravity you probably have felt it pulling you towards the center of the Earth every
second of every day and there's a second Force which is one that we don't know a whole lot about which is called Dark
Energy and dark energy is pushing space apart so it's kind of counteracting gravity's tendency to pull stuff
together and the question is will gravity win and pull everything together will Dark Energy beat gravity and push
everything apart or will the two forces just kind of chill out and exactly match
each other well there's three different possibilities the first is maybe gravity
does win and maybe Dark Energy fails to push everything apart in which case everything in the universe comes
together and forms a nice warm hug cataclysmically as everything collapses
into a black hole and is kind of Gone Forever um this is called The Cosmic
Singularity which is basically just a super duper Mega black hole encompassing everything in the universe there's this
other theory that maybe as everything crashes together instead of just collapsing into a black hole it'll like
bounce back into a new universe and maybe that's how the big bang happened in the first place kind of like a
phoenix being born From the Ashes or something but whatever happens in this situation we definitely die so it's not
very pleasant being cooked to a trillion degrees at the End of Time the second possibility is maybe Dark Energy wins
and pushes everything apart faster and faster and if Dark Energy wins against gravity then everything that is bound
together by gravity will stop being bound together by gravity so in essence that means our galaxy will come apart
and then the planets will spiral away from the Sun and then our Earth which sadly is also held together by gravity
will kind of crumble like a dry cookie in all directions and then those little pieces of the Earth will be ripped apart
into molecules into atoms into particles and at the very end of time space
becomes infinitely spread out in an instant so dark energy spreads everything infinitely thin and nothing
ever happens again in which case for a lack of better words we also definitely
die and the third possibility is the least dramatic and gives us the most
time to do stuff before the cosmos kind of kills us you know um nothing dramatic
happens with space space keeps getting bigger forever it doesn't collapse it doesn't rip itself apart but if dark
energy and gravity match each other we kind of have an infinite amount of time ahead of us which means yes things will
get colder and darker and galaxies will drift apart and stars will burn out and
galaxies will just grow cold and we will kind of just drift off into this cold dark abyss leaving an
infinite amount of time for really strange things to happen which I will get into just a moment first I'd like to
say yes this kind of does kill us too unfortunately which is a very Bleak sort
of Outlook but I have some optimism for everything later before we reach this point there's some really exciting
things that could happen like I mentioned in around five billion years the sun will run out of fuel and will
grow larger destroying Mercury Venus and probably Earth too we will we will have like 5 billion
years to prepare for this so we're fine if you choose to stay pack sunscreen it's all I can say uh around a trillion
trillion trillion times further into the future than this it is hypothesized that protons which are one of the most basic
fundamental building blocks of everything in the universe might have a half life which means they are unstable
and if you like your matter which personally I do then it is not in your
best interest to have your protons falling apart and this will be a very
uncomfortable Truth for anything that is still around around in the universe to have to deal with because in the style
of Avengers end game everything will kind of dissolve into subatomic particles and evaporate
forever and that won't be the end actually because there are still the object black holes that will last around
a trillion trillion trillion times longer but even black holes which are something that astronomers thought for many decades were Immortal tend to
evaporate eventually as they trickle out a tiny amount of radiation called Hawking radiation
uh the largest black holes in the universe today are expected to last for around 10 to the power of 106 years
which is kind of an unfathomable amount of time if you consider that to be the expiry date of the universe 10 to the
power of6 years from now that is basically 10 billion billion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillion trillion years from now if you take that
to be the expired date of the universe and then you think about all the stars
in the cosmos and all the planets and all the life well the stars are what
give warmth to planets and provide them with the resources they need to sustain
life if we lose the stars then there's basically no place in the universe for life to prosper and so when you think
about the Stars which will last for a 100 trillion years then life really has
a window of 100 trillion years in this universe to prosper and when you think about the T to the power of 106 years
that we got until the universe basically Withers away forever with black holes disappearing then this is the percent of
the universe's lifespan that we have for life to prosper so hey everyone this is
the cosmic golden age uh never again will it look as good as it does right now so to me this kind of underscores
the need to just appreciate what we have right now because in the big picture all
of this is going to be erased and it's just really amazing to be able to
experience it now while it still is in its full Glory while we still have a sky full of stars and galaxies we can see
because they haven't all expanded away from us yet that we have the energy from our sun to power the infrastructure to
discover where we are in the universe in the first place is pretty amazing to me and so I want to end on a note which is
just Why tell this story because this is basically the stuff my book covers and
if I had to summarize this I would say we are living in very interesting times to say the least we are battling over
geopolitical borders we are disagreeing over very fundamental human truths we are polluting the environment with
greenhouse gases and to top it off we have 30,000 nuclear weapons which we haven't really figured out what to do
with yet and so the point of this book this Cosmic perspective of sorts is to
frame everything all the chaos that's happening on Earth as something that is happening kind of like right right there
on a tiny BL blue Speck that is drifting through a universe that probably has no
clue in the heck that we exist so to me this perspective kind of
underscores the need to just take a step back and consider what really matters on
this planet because when you see people not for a nation or a race or a religion
but for a collection of atoms just a bunch of particles then how different
are we really because you can create 99% of everything in the universe with just five different elements and yes there
are 118 elements that we know of but with just five of them you can build most of the universe including us and so
to me this kind of it's a different sort of way of seeing the world because there
is so much Cosmic Wonder around us all the time uh I want to just kind of End
by saying you know stay curious everyone because there's there's so much amazing things
to be discovered and as long as we keep looking up I think it really signifies
that we haven't got it all figured out yet and that's really exciting and if you've checked the news lately we sure as heck have not got it all figured out
so yeah stay curious everyone and I want to just end by saying it's
kind of not right to be calling this the end when we have so much more ahead of us by the way my favorite
TV channel I just discovered is no TV channel because when you Dune a TV you
set it to static which basically picks up on some of the cosmic microwave
background radiation and this has become my favorite track to listen to It's just
like but it's so cool because it's the radiation left over from the birth of the universe itself and I'm like this
really was the first music album ever broadcast this is like the number one Spotify hit for anyone listening to
music 12 minutes after the big bang so yeah go give it a listen if you can it's great um yeah so for anyone who wants to
I I don't want to like Leverage this into like a sort of capitalistic trade show but I'm going to for just a moment
by saying um if you want to buy my book uh this is this is where you can get it
and I would be honored if you wanted to give it a read um I am so honored to
have been invited to this Global star party and yeah thank you so much for having me on thank you Nathan I hope you
sleep well tonight so so actually Scott I want to
ask a couple of questions to our okay very young so when I was young in the
70s and TV used to go off and it just went what you're saying was TV never
really went off I was just watching The Cosmic Michael Roy background channel is that true
I mean it's not all the radi percentage of it yeah there is a good portion of it is Cosmic microwave background radiation
but yeah TVs are just tuned to pick up on radiation the what turned off is the
radiation supplied on a frequency that is designed to be a human TV channel is
what turned off right well it gives a little different perspective because in back in those days TV could go off you
flipped off the switch and you did something else to go to sleep but thinking back that basically makes
me say oh TV never really went off it's just where you interested in what was
actually being shown which was coming from a far a more distant Source than the in the older days with the you know
the signals being sent over antenna and now signals being sent you know every
every other possible way including starlink um so that was so deep that's
made me forget my second question so you know what no I really enjoy your
presentation and I enjoy your perspective which you know is quite
remarkable considering what we those of us who are in our 50s are kind of right
in the middle of either caring about science or caring about who's about to
win Stanley Cup and there's rarely little in between so um know I for one
appreciate your view and it reminds me of my second question it just came back to me will there be an audiobook version
of your book I would have to check with my publisher but I would love to create one
so okay well if you do I would definitely love to see it all right
Scott I've taken enough time um back to you although I have to say one or two of
the characters in the book I could see Adrien taking some helium balloon and uh
voicing those feel free to bring me in I'll uh
I'll do whatever uh impersonations I can well I would be honored Nathan thank
you for bringing all your your uh energy and enthusiasm to Global star party and
sharing your latest Creation with us and uh I expect to uh see many more such
things as uh time goes on so um you know fantastic effort and uh uh thank you for
presenting it here on global star party thank you so much for having me and congratulations again on 150 that's
that's awesome thank you thank you well all all of you make it happen so that's great okay uh well uh Dr Levy our next
speaker is uh is David AER and um so
let's let's bring on on uh David David and David it's the David and David show
and uh um uh so I'm uh I'm very happy to
have uh David AER on especially after um
you know all of his effort at uh staris and so uh and I think you've come to
kind of share some of that experience with us and uh you know those of us that
have had a little taste of it uh it's fantastic but you've been going to staris since the early days is that
right almost since the beginning I had a conflict for the first staris but I went to the second one and gave a talk and
foolishly they put me on the board with them and I've been very involved with it ever since so about a decade now with
the staris group and we had another one and um you know I I think even though
we're really just a recombination of atoms um from the early universe and
from the deaths of stars or the collisions of neutron stars as Nathan mentioned um I think it's important for
us to get enough sleep as human beings one of the things we discovered with this staris in Bros laava is it's kind
of hard to go on four hours of sleep every night oh yeah we survived starmus
and it was incredible I'll tell you a little bit about it um but you know glad that starus doesn't happen every month
it would kill us yep it it is uh it just doing one and
seeing how much effort was going on almost Round the Clock you know was
really amazing so uh I think I told I I told you that I thought that staris was
like the Woodstock of uh of the astronomy world so uh but it's probably
more than that I probably Woodstock was an easier event to put on well I don't know and I didn't make
it to Woodstock I was just a kid and I think they had more people than we did at starmus but it was a really good
event it was in Braava this time Slovakia another really lovely uh
European city of about half a million people there um as we were in Armenia a
couple years prior and we had some really great talks and some good times which I'll describe uh here shortly sure
okay well it's all yours thank you David thank you Scott thanks for having me back on and I will share my screen and I
will try to share the correct screen uh oh now it's saying uh oh dear God um I
may have a problem here um because it's not allowing me to
share I think let me see if this works
uh oh I don't know why Scott it's not allowing me to share the right screen
here um this is not good you have a two
screen system going there I do at the moment here yeah
um no it's not Happ let me see if I maybe I can come back in
a little while after another speaker and try to deug this if that's okay we can do that and forgive me this is I'm at
work which I never um am at work but there's something going on at the house so let me let me take a shot at making
this work okay next in line and forgive me okay no problem no problem that
that's it's just the the first time I think for you so now compared to all of
my mistakes you know you're virtually perfect so I don't know about that but
but thank you and I'll try to figure out what's Happening Here David I'm just gonna blame the computer because you've
successfully done this so many times it has to be the work computer you know I'd
like to say it because it was because I wasn't getting enough sleep recently that would play right into the talk but
but I don't I'm I'm not sure what's happening here and you know our company we we were just sold to another and now
I've got multiple email windows open so this could be problematic but let me try to fix this and come back in a years all
right all right so uh Lori if you're listening uh uh Lori ansorge and uh don
NAB um uh can come on and uh we will
have uh don introduced Lori it's her first time to be on uh but um I did have
The Good Fortune to meet Lori a couple of times before so but Don go
ahead okay can you hear me is see me okay yeah it's perfect all right so uh
so this is the astronomical League section so Lori's going to join our rotation with uh some myself and the
some of the officers of the league uh we aren't officers I'm chair of the mid east region Lori is treasur for Westminster
Astro in Maryland but I met Lori last summer at well here is Green Bank Green
Bank Star Quest 18 we had our mid east region of the astronomical
League annual meeting and Lori participated and uh within a few weeks
later she had created a more userfriendly Facebook page for um the mid east region which referred to as
Merill mid mid east region astronomical League Merl so I've gotten to know her through that uh she is a uh Stargazer
for her entire life all right she's a life member of the Astron astronomical league and of Girl Scouts USA which does
a lot of work with the Girl Scouts she is a NASA partner with Girl Scout Stars
Eclipse ambassadors and Eclipse stars in fact earlier I heard mention of
astronomy day well uh Lori led a team of Girl Scouts that won the 2019 astronomy
day award from the astronomical league so uh she spent a lot of time doing Outreach in fact she has reached the
master Outreach award level in the astronomical League what's that mean mean she spent a lot of time under the
stars with the public trying to share the wonders of the night sky with them so that's really what the league is
about they sharing the night sky with the with the public uh so she's a treasurer of Westminster she's also
member of Tri-State astronomers uh being treasur she's the astronomical League coordinator for that
club uh she was the number one recipient of a new observing program in the
astronomical League uh and that is the Messier Imaging she was number one
recipient and when we see Scott back on the screen you'll see behind his shoulder is a unisell uh automated
telescope and that's what Lori used to uh to get this award so uh congratulations to her um she lives in
Maryland the her spouse Al and she says three World rescue kitties okay so uh
they do a lot of Outreach events she's a gardener a quilter and a citizen scientist so I'm happy to welcome Lori
to the astronomical League GSP team okay
great let me find her there's Lor I see her now here we go
Lori thank you thank you for coming on to Global Star Party
thank you and uh in keeping with your Ever Changing
Cosmos theme what could be ever more changing from our small little blue
Speck egos than to look up and have an eclipse so what I'm going to bring to
you tonight is my experience as an eclipse Ambassador um the Astronomical Society
of the Pacific has been a wonderful resource for a lot of of amateur
astronomers through the years and others just interested in the night sky and
they provided the resources in the training for the eclipse Ambassador
experience so the goal for the program was to find
people off the beaten path and make them aware of um these eclipses and let me
put this on here and also to make sure that they were Ware and to do that they paired us
up amateur astronomers with undergrad students and they were also a little
concerned about the graying of the astronomical clubs throughout the country and felt that this would be a
way to kind of um bring some youthful vigor to it I suppose so I was paired up
with Shannon markwart who just graduated from talson University and she will be
in the fall going to um MBC to pursue
her PhD so they paired us up they gave us lots of training and what you see here
are a couple of the slides that we used for some of that training as well um so the eclipse ambassadors are
from all over the place Alaska Hawaii um Puerto Rico and what this map
is showing is where they they um haale from and of course uh many of them went
to the path of totality and we'll cover that in a minute too what was really important was that
each pair meet a goal of a minimum of engaging 200 people and with all of the
Outreach that our club does which is usually in the top five in the country on night sky Network which is also
managed by the ASP um it didn't seem like it was going to be that hard but I knew that my
undergrad partner would certainly have an experience when it came to uh
Outreach which was another goal of the the program too so we we had to engage
200 people minimum and make sure that at least half of them were from underserved
communities and the reporting wasn't real rigorous but I like my statistics
so I made sure uh we actually engaged over 800 and we had by my estimation
about 39% of them were from underserved communities the ASP as a whole exceeded
their goals they had over a 100,000 people reached through all of the
eclipse ambassadors and here uh you see some pictures you have uh some Girl Scouts
being engaged with the yard stick um scale model but that Shannon guiding
them through and then at soldiers Delight Nature Center we have the public
engaged in the same thing here we have a A club member in the lower corner that's
using light and to scale models of the earth and moon to explain what happens
with an eclipse to some girl scouts so part of what we created
Awareness on was where these Eclipse were going to happen and what percentage of an eclipse people would see and what
kinds of eclipses there would be for example the annual Eclipse that comes from the Latin term
ring and thus we call it the ring of fire and uh the explore scientific folks
ex uh they uh sponsored an expedition that was actually at that Texas
intersection between the October eclipse the annular eclipse and the April
Eclipse so that was pretty exciting that that was going on we also had cup models
where we could demonstrate for the public why it is that if you have
eclipses only happening during a full moon but you have a full moon every
month actually 13 of them in a year why it is you don't have a solar eclipse
every month and the answer to that through this Hands-On demo was that when
we look out into the universe from planet Earth at our solar distance plane
the Moon is actually off of kilter in its orbit around us by about
5° and so it takes a season which is
usually spring and fallish within a month each way for these nodes to line
up enough that you have this um pattern of the sun earth and moon coming
together for that shadow so this is a complex uh um complex concept to explain
to the public and yet we were having kids of all age ages be able to
demonstrate that directly which was neat so in our many Road shows we were
at the library and they have a nice New um um AV Center there and we did U the
science fair at Montgomery College which attracts thousands of people so actually
through the different events that we had we actually interacted with many thousands of people but ASP doesn't like
to double count so we didn't and the lower right hand corner
we did an encampment with the Girl Scouts in central Maryland and here
they're looking at a video screen under some shade of course of what the telescope in that
upper right hand corner with the proper filtration is looking at so they can see
it a little bit bigger and get a little more sense of that detail so we approached it from many different
angles we also um and here's a a closeup of that um that eclipse in the cup U
model um you can see that the blue line is that looking out into the solar disc
and that red line represents the lunar orbit the pin in the side just keeps the
cups tilted at that 5 de re angle and then that little pom pom white dot is
the moon and it's one of my favorite words that when when these things line up and
create that shadow and that siy look Mom no vowels so Siz is one of
my favorite words there and we HIIT it from a couple different angles too no
pun intended uh we showed the the version in the upper right hand corner
here where you have the lunar orbit off kilter but the lunar nodes on the top
and bottom of that graphic in the upper right hand corner show that when you're
near the equinoxes the That season on Earth because of the tilt of the earth
that that's when those lines of those orbits line up in a way that you get
that Eclipse possibility and then of course in the lower right hand corner it shows also
that the moon could be too high or too low for winter or summer and thus that
shadow that would have been a nice Eclipse goes off into space and no one on earth appreciates
that we also set up our program so that we were able to do it indoors Outdoors
nighttime daytime rainy time didn't much matter and because we were having U many
large groups that we needed to cater or two we ended up being resourceful and I
had some leftover plastic corrugated black um uh board and cut that up to
create a bunch of yard sticks and marked them and that's what the girls are all holding in these pictures here so that
the Earth Moon scale model could be demonstrated and in fact in this
particular model the Earth is an inch and the Moon is a qu inch and the
question we generally asked was at using this scale what is the distance between
Earth and Moon and the answer is 30 in because it's 30 Earth diameters and
that's a concept that people don't get because your textbooks because the pages
are only so wide they show the Moon and the Earth close together so I think in all the time that
we were doing this I had two people with the correct answer to
that and along the way we were uh interested also in ensuring that people
were prepared and safely prepared so um since most of our Outreach was in
Maryland we did show what the possibility of clouds were and we had
people all geared up for if you want to see it you go to the southwest of the
United States and that way you can avoid clouds versus the Northeast and as we
all know for April the opposite happens but just like your Investments past
performance does not indicate your future returns we also made sure that
people of all ages were well informed to not use those solar filters that go onto
eyepieces and I still carry mine around that came with my first telescope as a
demo you see this politely informed people that you've been advised by your
local Eclipse ambassadors that this will hurt you I met Saturday night at one of
our outreaches a high school astronomy teacher who was um actually a biology
major and he volunteered because they needed an astronomy instructor and as he was using the
telescope on the sun and doing things he shouldn't he also used his eclip glasses
on the eyepiece and watched it burn a hole pretty quickly luckily his eye wasn't there oh my God yes but at the
same time too I found a map that showed the past performance of April tornadoes
from 1950 to 2018 and as you can see in the lower right hand corner there's a lot of red
dots there so um had people be mindful of that so we did all that briefing and
then we headed to Lakey Texas in the explore scientific
Expedition and with my unistellar telescope I got this nice set of
images um the lower leftand corner was with my DSLR that was set up with a 400
mm lens and of course I had to do a lot of cropping to get that one I was
thrilled I'd never seen a total annular Clips did it get
dark it looked like it was overcast it didn't get real dark and that's okay and
then in the interest of time just a quick couple of images Blended here in a video to show you what that looked like
in a somewhat of a time lapse fast forward to April because
after briefing all these folks about um the eclipses we wanted to go see a total
eclipse and you would think with all these clouds forecasts that it wouldn't be much of an event and in fact if the
clouds had hadn't parted it would have been still an event because you can see
from the upper leftand corner going to the right middle that it started to look like a Sunset and then it got darker
darker and it was dark enough you really couldn't see just like nighttime total
darkness and in fact I made a point of not having the camera on automatic so
that I could capture a sense of what it felt like to be out there and that was
quite something and it was quite something listening to the crowd as well as we all were rejoicing and seeing this
totally eclips safely of course put together little Montage this is again
with my unistellar ev2 scope um I had my husband running an odyssey Pro as well I
didn't include any of those images here but even though we had four minutes and 26 seconds of totality and maybe saw 20
or 30 seconds in between clouds a quick finger um I was able to capture these
very unique images nobody else in the world has these exact images because
nobody else has the clouds exactly like I have them for this eclipse and here's
a little video treat for you too of what that looked like the big knock my socks
off moment was in looking at the images not realizing that my EV scope was going
to give me these prominences on the sun in totality forget the clouds I had no
idea that my little computer scope was capable of this and I am just thrilled
to pieces and thrilled that it was able to track so well so that said let me just say it
takes a village it takes a big Village of a lot of organizations to help make
this happen and then as I am as as Don said representing the astronomical
League I have to mention that we have Alcon coming Alcon 2024 July 17 through
20th in Kansas City and let me tell you from firsthand experience it's a great
way to meet new lifelong friends I still talk to the people regularly that I met
at our first one it's a great way to get inspired you can visit fantastic
astronomical sites no matter what city hold it in you're always losing are learning new things and you get to be
with your people and I threw the link up here too but if you go to Astro um astr
league.org you're going to find it pretty much and from the Westminster Astronomical Society and our 40th
anniversary year to the Kansas City society and their 100th year we just say
congratulations and then next um for the astronomical League live which is which
is thanks to Scott and Explorer scientific helping them with that um the
next event is June 14th at 7M where Dean Reus will share his adventures as the
astronomer in Residence at Grand Canyon National Park with his uh presentation
stargazing and hiking in the national parks that's something I'm really interested in as well and I'll just take
a moment to ask if there are any questions uh they are happy that you're here but I
don't see any questions Lori okay you must have covered it all
right that's great that's great okay so um Lori thank you very much it was uh I
have to say it was a a great pleasure for David Levy and myself to have you at
the uh Eclipse Expedition and um uh you know I could tell uh
at at the event that you'd gotten some really fantastic images you gave me a little peek while I was out there so
that was really cool um but uh um you know uh will you also be at elcon are
you are you heading that way I am I am right and our club is H GNA be picking
up some awards so I'll be there as the represent well all of the rest of you that are thinking about going to Alon
make sure you take some time to meet with Lori so you'll be glad you did thank you so much thank you yeah thank
you and thank you Don look forward to seeing you there okay all right so up next is uh Dr
Frank marches if you have not seen him give talks on global star party before
um I can do a little bit of an introduction he is one of the uh astronomers at uh seti and that's the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence um he is a very active
Outreach individual he runs citizen science he is on lots of science papers
and he's helping other people learn the way to uh incorporate science into their
lives by as one of the people that developed and created the unistellar uh
telescope that Lori was just talking about um I know that
uh uh they worked very hard to make the telescope also track the sun uh during
totality which was not which was not an easy thing you know um so um but uh and
uh I'm happy too Frank that you got to experience starmus um uh you are you are
the Energizer Bunny of astronomy you've been all over the world you were you were
in um the islands was at the males is that okay yes you went from there to
doing you know major Outreach event there and then you flew out to um uh Europe to uh Slovakia and now you're
back here so uh thank you for coming on to Global star party and making this
presentation thank you uh yeah thank you for having me I think the topic is great
uh we're going to talk about what's Chang in space and uh what I want to talk about specifically is how we can
use the unell unistellar telescope for this so you hopefully you see my screen
right yes yeah all right so um in a in a tsunami we call events
that appear and disappear in the sky trents uh it's a word that can barely say because I have a French accent but
uh so we decided to call that Cosmic cataclysms because most of them are in
fact related to destruction or or to energetic activity in the sky uh this is
the work which is led by Thomas posito uh the science the space principal in my
team my number one to and um and two other scientists Lauren and amori Lauren
G and amori pero but as well I should thank um all the citizen
astronomers and the unisel art team who contributed to This research founded by
the lsbury foundation so the goal of the city unistellar Network for Cosmic cataclysms
is to provide the fat fastest groundbased photometric follow followup
of bright Optical Trent meaning in short that if something happen in the sky the goal is that in
two minutes you get a notification on your phone somehow and you can observe
it we are not that here but we are not yet there but we are very close um so we do
um run our routine observation by photometry meaning analysis of the brightness of the light of
transin um we have um short um campaigns and
also High canons campaign and um we anticipating the arrival of the r
Ruby I believe that in next next year we'll see a radical change in the way we
do astronomy because of this facility that will provide millions of alerts
every month of things happening in the sky so we are going toh to see the the
change in astronomy and our telescopes our network of telescope will be part of
that so just to give you an idea we started this project in June 2022 in the
beta testing um is one of the last citizen science project implemented in telescope
as you know the unitell telescope software evolve over time um we mentioned that we have the eclipse for
uh guiding uh just before the eclipse so we had some citizen science as well as
we get new project and new new collaborations um we uh Now can do full
alerts and data processing since February 2023 and we we have partnership with kri to
send notification with through the app and finally we recently implemented in
March of this year uh the gamma reverse alerts for from Swift the Space
Telescope I'm going to skip this because I have the feeling that everybody knows what is a unistellar telescope I just
would like to mention that now we have a new model called the odsey which is smaller more Compact and it can still do
the science that we have prepare for the Evis scope one and Evis scope 2 meaning
that if you get an EDC you can still do citizen sence the philosophy of unistellar is to bring the people for
the images and make them stay and observe for the science basically the
idea is that yes you get great picture observations with your telescope but when we want to start using more and
more your telescope we give you a meaningful activity and the scientific
invest vation is one of them we don't do that by ourselves we do that with partnership with a lot of institution
around the world aavso is one of them uh NASA as well and the Char University or
the observat the Paris in Europe so we if you join the unisar network you you're GNA be joining an an
array of a network of 13,000 I should have changed this number and more
telescopes is growing still and we have more than 500 people who basically
participated to the citizen science campaign and we have now 2,500 people in our slackware space which is the way we
communicate with our citizen scientist and this animation show the
progression of the network I hope to have a map for 2024 pretty
soon okay so um how does that work well uh you get uh all the information about
our citizen science on our website on slack or on the asol app okay you don't
need to be a c to have a unistellar telescope to be able to see our alerts
we do the alerts for everybody not only for for unistellar uh you basically uh can one
click tell the telescope you want to do this observation and Telescope will
basically Su to the right location and start taking data what we call a deep link you upload the data and a few hours
later now is less than 24 hours in the best case scenario you get basically the
data process and a report showing basically your observation stack image in this case and
the measurement of the photometry so this is an observation from sophis IB and you can see the light
curve of of supernova for instance the last point the yellow point is our
observation the previous one was taken by past uh previously by other citizen
scientist so we got our alert through various uh surveys um we use mostly the
um the ztf survey at the moment uh which is a analyed continuously but alert C
alert C is an automatic Learning System it's based on machine learning that s alert and notification when something
happen in the sky and it does use this Palomar survey the ztf survey for this
um we recently as well partner with swift the telescope so we also have
gamma reburst alert from this telescope we filter all these alert to make sure that they observable with this Evis
scope so that the mean they bright enough typically magnitude less than 16.8 uh for those who don't know we
published recently a paper showing that we can reach six magnitude 6 17.2 uh in 5 minutes with our EV scope
so 16.8 provide a good sensitivity a good um Quality photometric quality
that's the reason we put this this limit uh for telescope I'm going to go through the
detail maybe more questions but we target basically we send coordinate through this um deep link here in our
website you click on the you click on the Deep link and you open basically the the application of the the telescope and
you can start your science
so the goal as I mentioned is that from the time the observation is detected by
alery we would like it to be basically in our database in two minutes and we are very close to this to be honest now
we probably at four or five minutes for most of the most of the alerts so if
you're observing you will get an alert on your font and in your Supernova appearing here you click and You observe
the Supernova so what we've done uh a few example is the observation of the
Supernova uh 2023 ISF which was uh the closest Supernova uh for the past decade
this is the light curve on the left from our data so something interesting the
the red line here it's basically the time of the discovery of the super adova
and as you probably know we also ask our citizens aser to send us their
observation if they observe previously so we went through the database and from this observation we we basically
detected the Supernova uh before the Super the detection by the Japanese
astronomer and we also nailed down to an accuracy of one hour when the Supernova
ignited and this is an agreement with a scientific paper that was published
almost at the same time um on the right here you have uh a color
the brightness of the Supernova over time with all the citizen ason that observe
it another Target we have being uh we are observing at the moment is the Nova
uh tcrb everybody is observing it I know that and the goal is of course to be the first team to detect the ignition of the
Supernova um these are the observation we have collected recently um it's you
you probably know it's a supernova that was bright a Nova sorry that was bright
in 80 years ago it's a binary system so predictions implies modelization implies
that he will ignit Again by Shaffer in 20123 in this this year between a April
and September so we are observing our citizens from number observing it every
night we aage three observation per night we have already collected 4 observations since July of last year
something new we implemented the last week is a triggering system that analyze
the data collecting by the telescopes and as soon detect the ignition we'll
send an alert to all our Network telling them observe tcrb it's on it's happening
right now so let's see how it works we have been testing this on on different
cases so we hope it will be allow us to to basically get a clear light curve of
the ignition of the Supernova so we better understand the type of physical process we have between in this binary
system so I'm going to end here because I would like to take some question by saying that we are now yes having a a
realtime alert system um for ztf and Swift as I mentioned with a uh a time
difference of two minutes you don't need to be a unistellar user to have access to those alerts they're on our website
on asol and slack you can see the we the the web page here we're still working on
making the the web page better and more accessible of course this is a work in progress and we hope to hear more about
your comments if you look at we have observed 17700 uh 1700s trans observation in 2023 from 200
citizen scientist so there is a strong interest for this type of scientific studies uh we with our telescope and
we're very glad to see that because this was funded by the um by Foundation at
the time we have really no idea if our user will be interesting in this kind of work and I just would like to say that
we are working now on implementing more alerts from different sources so such as gravitational waves
the trino and maybe laser cities they search for laser PS in the
in the universe and that's all for me thank you okay
great so um uh there is a question uh
and um let's uh this is from John Ray Frank uh he's
he's asking how much of the sky at any given location do you feel is necessary
to participate pain he says this is regarding those of us with
limited access to Open Sky there is so many trents that you
will be always find one in the 20 by 20 degrees uh sky so you um if you look at
our list so far we have the recent Trent is something like 15 detecting over the
past um over the past months and can still can still be obair with our uh
with with our telescope meaning they bright enough so even if you have a small partch of the sky available you
will find a Trent that will be observable and during this night you just maybe have to wait but you will be
OBS there will be at least one because they're everywhere that's the beauty of trents they're not in the
ecliptic they're really everywhere because they can be can be any type of
of system of stars that can be become a Trent fantastic uh there's a ctil nagap pan
who's going to be uh um his son is coming on to uh this uh Global star
party later in this uh program uh he is
curious um how to enroll into your citizen Science
Program he has a unar he has a unell and he just wants to know what steps he
needs to take to enroll so we're going to make it simpler but at the moment what you need to do is
to start the app okay and then you go to the science mode and there is join the citizen the
citizen astronomer Community you click on that you fill up a form you fill up a form hopefully it's
going to show up if you see my screen and uh and we're going to send you a
slack invitation and set that's uh that seems pretty easy to
me yeah you just need you just need to be curious and go to this app and click on this it's not clearly a in fact
that's something we're gonna change and and you learn with other people I mean you will see that there is every year
every months we have typically 30 50 new people coming so at the begin we train
them and then the citizens have been there for a long period of time they gener help the new the newcomers so it's
a work that you do they do together and they observe they decide to observe a comet which is kind of easier at the
beginning and then they go in complexity trents could be considered the most complex object to observe because as I
mentioned they can be anywhere in the sky but um yeah it's not that difficult the point is to really to go to the
slack and to engage with the community to learn together that's really my main
recommendation okay all right and Lori who just gave a presentation says she l
loves her unistellar uh and she enjoys that she serves as one of the beta testers as
well so thank you very much we always need beta tester there is
always something wrong right oh yeah that's true well when you have good beta testers uh you just make the product
better and better so yes that's great stuff okay um so let's uh let's go to
our next speaker which is um Adrien Bradley Frank thank you so much thank
you thank you very much okay y all right Adrien uh has been on um uh Global Star
Party many times and uh he inspires us all the time I think uh certainly
inspires me with his incredible landscape uh work and his night sky
photography and it's been fun to it's been fun to watch Adrien learn more and
more about the stars and the Deep Sky objects and the community and all the
rest of it so uh I think it's fantastic you belong to a couple of uh astronomy
clubs right now including uh the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada although
you're a Michigan native I guess and uh uh so uh yeah I'll give the rest of them
you're a citizen of the world as far as I can tell yep and um other astronomy
clubs um the Warren Astronomical Society I need to mention them a little more
here uh the club that I typically mention University low brow astronomers I'm a member of both of those
clubs um in addition to the rasque which I join and a member of the astronomical
league so I think in the theme of Ever Changing
Cosmos um I can certainly say that over the past few months uh um my Cosmos has
changed a lot and you know this this
particular change in where my work is visible was a very important one for me
because um David AER who was here um we started the process a year ago to say
talk about your journey into doing nightscapes and many of you that read
astronomy magazine have now seen my my uh my opening story of which I hope to
continue writing articles you from you know from someone who takes his camera
goes out and captures what he can um what he what he can capture and you know
just demonstrating a love of our Cosmos and trying to share it to a bunch of
different people one of the one of the challenges I have is you know in my Cosmos there are many people that have
many problems day-to-day problems um we saw the presentation about all the uh
all the things going on in politics and all the things happening um you know all over the world
and you know really it was a um he redescribed the uh pale blue dot Carl
Sean sort of uh you know I don't even think dot anymore it was just like a
tiny dot on a DOT on a dot it was within a Sunbeam and um yeah and regardless of
how you feel um spiritually or you know those those of us who those of us who
are in a religion or those of us who are the exact opposite of that what ties us
all together are the atoms and our bodies and the the universe that we live in so with that in mind I went from
trying to do images to gain attention and I decided to use images to describe
what I'm seeing and you know describe what what it is that um that I'm looking
at so in other words the purpose of the images is to take you with me um I'm not
looking to just create pretty pictures so much as here's a slice of Life on our planet
and here's what it looks like when you comp when you add the nights guy to it so let me go ahead and go through this
um Scott I will share just a number of images some may
look great some may not that's a part of the journey like this composite didn't
go so well but this was a few months ago
when this part of signis was studing in the west so let's roll through here same
part of sness and one of the things I'm going to discuss I'm going to be taking
a lot of my images that feature a lot of light pollution and show the difference
in what you can see in the night sky and why it may be harder to do the sort of
Outreach that I like to do in Skies like this well they can see the moon sitting
on the horizon but all of this with the North American nebula and
everything hardly any of that's visible here just because of you know the uh giant Towns
over Lake Erie this is in Canada and um so we're seeing a lot of the
influence of the larger cities um this is I call it Cleveland
versus Sirus and you've got this giant dome which is the city of Cleveland
which was in the path of totality that'll come later but you have it have Sirus
competing um being just bright enough to shine through this light Dome when you
take an image you've got a little bit of Milky Way which of course 30,000 light
years away but does not shine as bright when you get to our planet as a major
city and so that's the part of what I want to write about and bring images in
for are to discuss these differences and what we can see and the various forms of light pollution
some of them a lot of them when we think light pollution we think man-made but there are other forms that the cosmos
brings out to us that can also could be considered light pollution but we
typically don't look at it that way and you'll see why as I get to those images
so you're seeing you know the Orion was rising at this time and signus was
setting and so these various views many of you have seen before in global star
party but um you see from long exposures to get all of this hydrogen Alpha
data and you know try and get doing composits so your Sky sort of explodes
over here to a very simple this is what you would look up and see with your own eyes signis isn't as you signis area
isn't as well defined but it's there
and and so the winter months hit and you take a few shots now as far as the most
light polluted area I'm still getting notes of the Milky Way here the Perseus region in
cassieopia above it um over some farmland and there's a few bright towns
um near where I'm from that are casting the light this this is a difficult place
I still took the picture because of this oak tree over here but yeah this is what
even in a country area people contend with they're seeing Stars they're seeing
constellations but without the help of EV Scopes and things like that there
isn't much Outreach you can do you because the skies just aren't as dark
and in our dark sky Parks here you have along
exposure showing some of the objects you can see in the night sky when the Ryan
stands up and of course the seasons are a method of change and our our landscape
images can show the differences in how our Sky moves and where you know where
things move in our Sky um we don't worry so much about satellites as we we've got
all sorts of things that'll come across an image such as planes and sometimes
meteors will go through now this is you see a lot of of course more light
pollution here this is what scene looks like to the naked eye you can barely
make out the winter Milky Way um it's stacked so some of this you some of the
ha Mission we're still getting but we stacked this scene so it looks this is a
more natural representation this GL below is the glow that you would see in
a u if you were standing right where I was and this is a dark sky Park um of
course 10 years ago would have been darker so with the winds have changed
you've got this Cottage where my priest once lived and
um at the time I decided to take some final pictures of the
cottage and and so after this and this failed attempt to get this uh satellite
continuing to work on compositions with trees because it's very difficult um and
every once in a while the moon Robert Reeves will be coming along and there
will be some uh there'll be some even better pictures than this every once in a while I get a pretty good sharp enough
picture to where you can see features and details on the moon for those of you
taking Moon pictures the sharper some of these features in this
Mar show up the sharper your pictures I take pictures with a 600 millimeter lens
and a Sony A7 R4 I've handheld these shots and the pictures come out so we'll
get to so this isn't the first time that I've taken an earthshine Moon of course
Jupiter showed up in this picture this is with a tripod that's Jupiter and four Galilean moons so maybe not the coolest
picture you'll see but sometimes I take pictures just to see if I can capture
certain things that'll come up later what I'm able to capture using
photography equipment that most would use to capture the birds so there's a
lot more that you can capture and they don't all have to be perfect images but
they they can be very nice keepsakes and reminders so as we move along into 2024
and we're taking pictures of the sun why because there's an eclipse coming so
here's the area that I've chosen to film the eclipse from here's pictures
test pictures that I took here are the clouds that came over and threatened to make the eclipse harder to view in uh in
perisburg Ohio first Contact and you've got that Sunspot grouping
there and um various views of the Moon invading
the sun space this one somehow went back in time and then if you lived if you didn't
live on the center line you contented yourself with seeing a sliver of the sun
left and the weird color in the sky but then the moon moved off of the Sun and
your Eclipse was done but for those of us who went to totality we had an opportunity to
see the eclipse we took pictures prominences were very visible um with
the high cloud cover I didn't get much else of the corona there were some
amazing and beautiful longer exposed shots bracketed shots for the corona I
just aimed my camera without a filter up at the moon and took a shot but I did
get for the first time Bailey's beads which you're seeing here it's a very
active side of the sun here that we were able to see and then this picture which if
you're seeing this you should probably look away as fast as you can because the
eclipse is about to end so there were a couple more pictures that I took
[Music] um now this the way that the eclipse I
actually have this backwards because the way that our Eclipse started was with the moon coming in and causing the
diamond ring to show up up here whereas the end of the
eclipse the diamond ring shows up here now if you're in direct line your
diamond ring starts you know in the center of totality your diamond ring starts on one side and ends
on the opposite side so those of you that got a chance to see um the longer totality saw your
diamond rings um go from one end to the opposite
end but those of us that didn't saw a diamond ring in one part and another
diamond ring elsewhere and then of course totality
there is a lot of detail in this Corona that some of the uh some astrophotographers many in fact was able
to get so and here it's' got a lot of
artifacts this is not um to my knowledge this is not a uh feature on the actual
Moon it would have taken some bracketed exposures to try and get features on the moon itself so here's the here's the
photo commemorating the diamond ring phase as the eclipse was about to start
and this is an image I put together in an attempt to show what it's like during
a total eclipse what it's like outside and it's a it's a different color it's a different you know Twilight
is everywhere with the clouds I didn't get very much in terms of uh light over
there Venus appeared that was about the only other celestial object I was able
to see in the sky but I did get to see totality and so how badly did I botch
this this was closer I went and took some pictures with the moon in the sky
you know we have this Crescent which we're going to see this is a little later this is in a 16 millimeter lens
this is how big the Moon really is in the sky when you take a wide angle view
that's it so if I were to redo these images this would be a whole lot
smaller and so there you go that is that's really beautiful you take these
pictures because you want to see if you can manage enough light to be able to see constellation stars or you may want
to be able to see something else that's going on in the sky along with the Moon
itself and so that's where now this might be a horrible composition but it
will lead to something as they continue to try and
work on images testing new equipment there's red spikes here some of you may
know where I'm going with this now this was maybe a week before May 10th
2024 and um a lot of you saw this Aurora you it wasn't
this wasn't this dim or you know these spikes um this is what I'm used to
seeing when I do distant Aurora I go oh I caught it and so chasing Aurora was
not always something that I would look to do I would try and get some detail
working on my compositions signus region and the beginning of the B bulge of the
galactic center is always a great test of your longer exposure composits and if
you get Barnard Z which this should sharpen up here if you can get a good
image of Barnard D you have a sharp image your sharp Milky Way image shows
up here you've got the northern coal sack which was off screen there and you can still
sometimes you know overdo it with your noise reduction so you just have to be
careful with that but this is and then and then you can have some
other artifacts happen in your images depending on how you process it but um
this was the side of the road it was pretty dark and my first shot on the
galactic center so that was nice
so let's talk about this image um as I'll start to wind down because we're
now we're into the Aurora phase of the uh changing Cosmos looking up um many of
you saw this as far south as Arizona um South America this auroral
Outburst was was pretty well amazing make sure I've got the screen so
it's pretty well amazing this picture represents one of the more
amazing times for me because I didn't see all of this color
but I did see a lot of these streaks and I realized that this
curtain is essentially right on top of me because I saw the light shining
before I looked up to see the curtain this is a curtain that's on top of me and um where I got it all going to a
point if somebody's taking an image of this Aurora it is uh from a distance I'm
standing underneath that image in this picture so that is to me it's even more
amazing than the colors and everything you're seeing is this is right on top of you and uh how often can you say that
you look straight up those of you that have seen Aurora on top of you have seen something like this you've stood under
the curtain and when it when it goes into a point like that that's that's an aurora curtain
that's on that's on top of you and you are a part of whatever picture someone took of that particular curtain you're
underneath it um you know it's high up in the atmosphere you're right below it
and so you're a part of whoever's Aurora picture um was being taken in the distance now this is an attempt and
you'll have to pardon the um the processing from Google Maps has you know
apparently played a role but you can see all four of the colors the pinks the purples the whites and the greens it
simply exploded and this is a composite because this is an attempt to show all
that practicing of getting a um you know getting an accurate
um get an accurate Earth shine so that I could show what I saw with my eyes and
that was the whole point of doing that that is an accurate the 16 millimeter
lens that's how small the Moon looks and see a wash of color with Aurora images
so now and of course looking straight up U many of you saw Corona Borealis again
the Aurora is right on top of you so so we take pictures and when you can
take pictures and the Aurora still raging this is my good friend Brian Autumn whom I hope to bring on at some
point and so and this is another photographer we just continued to take
picture after picture that was the scene um before we could at
Sunset and all the other pictures I showed you was the scene after it got dark enough and this this is a panorama
of people just watching this show as it goes I did manage to get some Starlight
Geminis right here Orion setting through the moon all of this was going on this is
Lake hon on the Canadian side that's beautiful and then as it starts to dissipate you know it's still going on
we're still taking pictures and time lapses and there I am looking at it this is for those that still haven't managed
to see Aurora up close like that this is a true color picture of what it looks
like the purples the Reds the greens that you can
see um the camera picks up a little more than your eye but these colors are a
little more muted than I had that's essentially this is what your eye sees
this is the color that your eye sees when the Aurora is that close that's what your iPhone tries to do
some more of these pictures here the curtain The Telltale curtain of Aurora
and clouds coming in we ended up leaving because more and more clouds came and so
the next night this faint Aurora over this Lighthouse flowing water
here this was a bit of a let down I can still see the aurora but now that I've
seen a lot seen it up close you know it makes the pictures you know not quite as
you know not quite as interesting so we still find ways to capture sickness so
even if we don't get the center of the Galaxy signis is a very good way to
shoot so we end our journey we went to we went out west to bowl we stopped by
meteor crater and this is a a panorama I took of it this little blotch right here is
Omega centor if I had an EV scope I'd have a much better image but this is one
of the images that I'd hoped to get um I'd been searching for it North but I
realized I was at 31 degrees north latitude there's a mega centor kind of turning color as it's
setting this is a a very low Southern Horizon at 31 degrees north latitude and
that blotch represents a uh Milestone I've finally seen Omega centor and a lot
of stars of the centur as well and I had to try and find it mostly manually and
this is under the light of a full moon which there's the full moon I took the
image of it and again looking for details the more detail you get in a shot without having
to edit it you know the sharper your full moon picture turned out and so with
that Scott I know I'm probably running well over time
um but the journey 15 minutes over but it was pretty exciting to see your
images especially the auroral images are just really so beautiful you know so
yeah those images make themselves I I I always end up with if it wasn't for the
cosmos what would we take a picture of and um you know we I always say we
should defer to what it is you know because makes the beauty all of its own
and um it gives us something to discuss to talk about and and share but um you
know I'm always all for you know talk about what you're capturing and a little
you know your processing can be great but what you're capturing has to be there in the first place that's true so
true there you go Scott all right I will all right well thank you so much Adrien for coming on and sharing once again on
global star party that's great thank you for having me Scott y thanks okay so um
up next is our uh one of the real
experts of uh of lunar terrain and the moon and uh lore of the moon and the
science of the moon someone that uh uh keeps us really uh tantalized by
observing the moon and um uh you know and certainly um uh you know you you
spend enough time with this guy and you can learn to really love the moon uh so
much I'll share something with you that when I first started amateur astronomy
my main interest was galaxies and so you know the full moon would come out or
there would be a lot of moon and I would start to get disappointed because of the the moons glow up in the sky but um uh
the first thing I ever saw with the telescope ever was with my little 40 mm Kmart telescope and it was of course the
moon uh and um I was able to
reappropriate uh not the same exact telescope but one identical to it and uh
I turned it on the moon and I had this Rush of excitement again you know that uh uh and it reminded me why um I got so
involved in amateur astronomy uh to begin with you know and now it's become
this lifelong uh passion so Robert thank you for coming on to
Global star party our 150th and uh I'm honored to be here on such an occasion
and uh you're your um relation of uh your introduction to astronomy through a
small telescope in the Moon is a very common um um thread through amateur
astronomy the Moon is what got most of us invol involved in astronomy because
when we didn't know anything about the sky it was the easiest thing to find and um rting reverting back to adrianne's
pictures he was saying he's shooting with a 600 millimeter lens handheld uh it reminds me of how
astonishingly forward we've come in photography I try to shoot at 6,000 millimeters not 600 and here he's
getting marvelous images handheld and that immediately flashed me back to the
eclipse do went up to the eclipse in Dallas at the U Frontiers of Flight Museum and uh set up a Celestron
telescope like you normally do to do photography of the eclipse and I thought I had a pretty good setup going here
snap snap snap away and then afterwards I look over and my friend Rachel freed standing not too far away with a little
handheld Cannon pow shot with one of these super zooms on it and she's
handholding these pictures of the eclipse that turned out just as good as
what I through the Celestron telescope said oh I have been so
outclassed yeah the uh they're getting better with it but I'll tell you what the bigger your uh aperture you know the
more detail you ultimately can get but uh yeah that the so image stabilization
goes a long way to being able to get those handheld otherwise our shots would be all over
the place so so we are cheating a little bit well they're they're pretty darn
good um anyway getting on with uh what I'm doing tonight the theme of the show
is of course Ever Changing Cosmos well the moon has been Ever Changing as well ever since it was uh initially formed
and um I do not see anything here to oh there it is the share screen it finally popped up so let's um see if uh
everything works out okay here my usual post chars from the Moon
um introductory slide is it visible uh yes great it's working today
yeah yes good luck on the 150th now it's yeah too many advances so my H usual
mandatory slide about the moon where I explained there are only two primary landscap landscape forming processes
that occur on the moon uh unlike you know V plate tectonics and uh weather
and oceans and stuff like on Earth on the moon everything you see on the moon's face whether with a naked eye or
through a telescope was either created by an impact or volcanism so uh we keep that in mind as
we look at the features on the moon and uh use that as a guide to decipher what
we are looking at how to um understand what we're looking at on the moon so U
the Moon is Ever Changing of course we um we get to see it change T night Night by night as the phases grow uh and I
don't know why it's taking so long for my slides to advance but uh they're getting there anyway the the Shadows
Chang Night by night uh the libration changes a little bit and we get to speak around the edge of the Moon a little bit
and uh um we go through the phases from New Moon to Full Moon then start
shrinking back down again U through the phases again and we follow the terminat
where the shadow line is the sunset or the sunrise Shadow we um that's where we see the greatest detail because of the
uh the the relief from the Shadows um at Full Moon we see more of the lunar disc
of course but is very flatly illuminated no Shadows so we don't see very much
then finally the the moon gets back down to the the thin Crescent before New Moon again this is what I call the chesher
cat Moon uh because we all remember uh the story of the fabled cat the magic
cat in the the story of The Adventures of Alice and Wonderland where the cat just slowly faded away until all that
was left was his little crescent smile that's what the the Crescent Moon reminds me of so much but whoops there
we go now it's advancing um everchanging moon now we have to realize that um the
Moon is not the primordial object that we thought it was before the Space Age
you know back uh uh before the Space Program where we uh got to investigate
the Moon close up eventually land men on the moon um uh it was pretty much
assumed that the moon had been unchanged since the beginning of the solar system and that it was this H um storage locker
of um pristine uh geology that has been unchanged for the past four 4 and a half
million years well we now know that that is not the case at all uh the Moon is an object that has been stomped on crushed
beat up kicked around by the solar system and it is far from what it was when it started and we're going to go
through a little bit of progression of time to see how the moon changed so much from what it was originally uh formed or
four and a half billion years ago to what we see today when the pretty pretty full moon rises above the Eastern
Horizon now we divide lunar time up into a period of five APO anything older than
3.92 billion years is considered pre nectarian and then there's a very U
distinct period in to time on the moon the nectarian aoch begins with the
creation of Mari nectaris or excuse me the the nectaris Basin that now cradles
Mari nectaris now if you see my cursor this is Mari nectaris right here that
small Basin was created about 3.85 billion years ago began the beginning of
the nectarian AP a period of late heavy bombardment where the entire solar system inner solar
system was bombarded by thousands and thousands of asteroids and comets that
only lasted about 100 million years then we entered the embryon Epoch about
3.85 million years ago to about 3.1 million years ago during this time
extensive volcanism uh formed the face of the Moon that we see today then for about two
billion years after that the aasian epoch where all the post Mari formation
cratering occurred and then the current aoch from about a billion years ago to
now the capern aoch U marked um essentially began with the formation of
Cernic's crater and continues to today so throughout these APO the uh
Moon underwent a metamorphosis this is the Moon Mo of four billion years ago this is a Don
Davis painting um Don Davis is not only one of the authors of the big whack
theory of lunar formation he is also an extremely talented space artist and his
visualizations of what the uh ancient Moon looked like or are are very useful you look closely you see very many
familiar features you can trace the outlines of where many of today's Maria
are are uh by seeing the basins that they originally U were formed and now
cradled o Maria you can also see a number of familiar craters because these these ancient craters are all pre
nectarian they still exist today have been in existence for over four billion
years but um back before the nectarian aoch about four billion years ago this
is what the whole Moon looked like there were no fields of lava creating the
caricature of the face of the man on the moon the entire moon was a crater pocked
uh total Wasteland with no personality as seen from the earth it was a
featureless white ball with only the uh phases to show any difference of course there
were no human beings back then no life on the earth at that time so nobody to see it now moving on uh to what the Moon
looked like back then we had examples of that that we can see through the telescope now are regions like the um U
Southern Highlands that nest in between Marin nectaris and Marin nubium um
represent fairly Faithfully what the entire Moon looked like four billion years ago and uh we can look up with any
any telescope even a small telescope and see this cratered Wasteland even today
because this is the Highlands higher altitude was not flooded by the basalt that flowed during the emban
aoch okay then we are enter the emban aoch about 3.1 to 3.85 million years ago
and this is when a majority of the volcanic flooding occurred on the moon
and uh it uh paved over the low-lying basins and created the dark regions that
today we see as the face of the man and the moon when we look up at the Moon with our naked eye so the moon
immediately over a period of only a billion years takes on an entirely different
face and uh now we see those Maria here in the Mari nectaris uh now no longer a
basin but a a smooth lava field the same with Mari humorum on the opposite
hemisphere of the moon or Mari embrium which forms the man and the moon's left eye as we look up in the
sky and uh the uh West eastern shore of
Mari seratus that helps form the man in the moon's right eye during this time uh there's a long
period of volcanism lasted about a billion years we can see other manifestations of this volcanism by the
uh dark ash deposits around the little cind cones inside of alons crater these
can be seen in a very modest telescope uh the uh at 9:00 3:00 5:30 I've shown
this picture before in other presentations but it uh again illustrates the change in the moon over
a period of uh millions and billions of years ongoing volcanism changing the
face of the Moon and further up north uh more um
Mari formation the uh craters paved over um with with Basalt the uh higher
elevation craters in this case aristotles and yodoys high enough that the basalt didn't flood it but the
crater edged D just to the east of aristotelis you see it's been partially flooded with these Basalt flows that
flowed U shortly after the nectarian aoch and uh gindi and um latrone caters
gassendi is the oatmeal cookie looking crater down at the bottom floor fractured crater heavily modified by
vulcanism latron is the Horseshoe Bay um to the northeast of cendi two similar
siiz craters about the same age uh four billion years old yet location location
location is everything in real estate here we see that the Cindi was high enough that it wasn't flooded by B salt
from outside instead the basalts welded up from underneath it and created a
floor fractured crater whereas lron on the southern rim of the procellarum
Basin was flooded with basalts that formed Oceanus procellarum and turned it
into a Horseshoe Bay and we get up to the nectarian epoch
the moderate ERA this is marked by any crater that you see on the moon but
still has a ray system is less than a billion years old and is of the
nectarian aoch crater Rays the bright Splash snowflake like Splash that
scatters around some craters like cernus Kepler Tao um they have a limited
lifetime um they only last about a billion years and then they fade away because the continuous infall of
meteorite uh and uh the solar wind and coronal mass ejections uh
have a big effect on the moon and they slowly erase the Rays and they go away
if they didn't well the moon would be just another solid white ball again because every crater would have a ray
and uh we would no longer have the uh the the the contrast to pick out
features but moving along of course cernus uh was called the monarch of the
Moon by the ancient observers when they first put telescopes to to astronom
and it's surrounded by a ray system that spans almost a thousand kilometers it
splashes across several of the Maria Kepler greater uh up Northeast of
uh U or to the West I mean of uh cernus
another classic it's smaller it's rays are are not as large maybe 500 km across
the their far reach but uh the individual spokes of them extending to
the West are very distinctive and of course Tao down the
South the tonian race system spreads across the entire southern hemisphere of the Moon uh Tao is the youngest large
crater on the moon and uh you can see see it by the all of the Rays point back
toward Tao and Tao formed about 1.8 billion excuse me 1.8 million years ago
it's a youngster compared to most lunar craters so its race system is still very
fresh and it splashes across 2200 kilom of the southern hemisphere of the moon
so uh we are here's a close-up of that Ray system we see how it just splashes
out across the whole southern part of the Moon and uh makes Tao look kind of like the naval on an orange the little
spot where the stem used to be
there we go another another look at uh as we wind this up another look at uh
Tao and very low sound elevation and here we don't see the Rays Rays reflect
brightly back toward their the light source that uh is Illuminating which is the sun of course and uh uh thus rays
are brightest when the earth is between the moon and the sun which occurs during full moon but at local lunar Sun rise
that reflection angle is is off to the side and we don't see the Rays as as good but what we do see in this picture
were the thousands and thousands of tiny tiny little pits all around Tao that
have not been eroded away yet by uh space weathering that infall of H of
meteorite constant meteorite infall or the solar wind and here we see the the
evidence of the tonian impact where it explosion that created Tao uh 1.8 108
million years ago showered the entire region with with rocks and boulders and debris creating thousands of secondary
craters and they're still visible so uh this is one of the youngest large features on the moon we've gone through
um as we Trace through this a u geologic period of time literally from the birth
of the solar system up to uh just a blink of an eye ago when the dinosaurs
roam the Earth um minia T-Rex was startled by The Flash that created Tao
in the sky so uh uh this this is H spanning virtually the entire age of our
solar system by looking at the different features and understanding the different features on the
moon uh whoops I forgot I had one more tyo in there but uh it kind of repeats
things so uh I'll end with my usual slide that says there is much to love on
the moon I consider the moon to Be My Playground and I invite you to come join
me on my playground and uh um a brief uh moment to say that if you enjoy what I
present here on the moon want to learn more about it uh please go to Amazon and
do a title search for exploring the moon with Robert Reeves and it can be on your
doorstep in two days so uh with that I'll turn it back over to Scott and it's
been a lot of fun okay we have uh we do have a question here all right beatress
watching in Belgium uh she is she's watching on YouTube she says does the
difference in Earth's gravitational pool um uh on the near side and The Far Side
of the Moon heat up its interior is there any evidence of current geological activity on the moon
uh there is ongoing Moon moonquakes and U the U not not vcad but moonquakes but
um um it's debated whether or not that is being created by Earth's gravity uh
because yes there is a difference between the gravity of on the near side and The Far Side just like there's a
difference on the moon's gravity on the near side and Far Side of the earth and that's how we how we have the ocean
tides but um early on the moon was much closer to the Earth when the moon formed
for four and a half billion years ago it was no further away than today's geosynchronous satellites so uh the the
the gravitational tides on the moon were fiercedeityrick
[Music]
once Earth's oceans started to form about 3.8 million years ago the earth
cooled off enough where water could condense out of the atmosphere uh the temperature of the earth dropped below
222 degrees and water condensed oceans formed once oceans formed it is the um
Tides the Earth's ocean tides are what Propel the Moon away from the Earth uh
so uh uh early on the uh the tides were really Fierce because the moon was close
and uh the Moon receded away more quickly but nowadays uh um four and a
half billion years after the moon's creation it's out there almost 400 million uh 400,000 kilometers from us
and it is currently receding away from the earth because of the ocean tides at the rate of 3.8 cm per year uh you know
about about that far per year now U within within that doesn't sound like
much well it adds up right yeah it does add up now consider that um many of us
were alive when Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon one small step for man well
the Moon is now about two meters farther away that it was when Neil Armstrong set
foot on the moon now that's a that's a measure you can me you can feel that with your hands that that the moon has
moved that far away within our lifetime so it is a cumulative process and it'll
keep going as long as there are oceans on on Earth sure yeah and that by the
way I was corrected that question was from Thunder 90 uh but he has one more question he says so I guess there were
basaltic tides in the moon back then I'm not well there there's T
there's uh Earth tides on the Earth today because of lunar gravity uh has
been proven that uh the ground heaves up several several centimeters because of
the lunar tidee so when the moon was much closer during the uh uh Embry aoch
uh I'm quite certain that Earth's gravity uh did uh bulge and heave uh the
more fluid uh basalts as they were as they were flowing uh just as the moon's
gravity today uh elevates and lowers the Earth as The Moon Rises and sets now
this is uh such a small uh shift in the earth that
uh it's only uh detectable by the laser instrumentation that we've
left on the moon and uh laser measurements but um uh the similar
effect had to be reciprocal when the moon was young and much softer and more
squishy because it was it was still warm so yes indeed uh the Earth's gravity did
indeed create uh physical tides on the moon uh by moving the
surface okay all right well thank you thank for the great questions out there in the audience okay thank you again
Robert and um uh we we continue to learn more and more about our closest
Celestial neighbors so thank you very much you bet yep okay uh our next
speaker we're going to jump down to Brazil and uh speak with the uh
professor Professor marchello Souza um and marchello is the editor of skyup
magazine he is the architect of many uh educational Outreach programs in uh
Brazil and uh affects much of the the scientific literacy um in uh South America and
around the world um uh you know he is uh it's great to be able to call him a
friend but if you ever met him you would know how easy it is to make friends with marchello so thank you for coming on to
Global star party marchello it's an honor to have you on our 150th
program hi thank you for your kind of words and the honor is mine for me
that's a great pleasure to be here and congratulations it's a special day 15
program is not e to to read these and then if I ever is a great
pleasure to be here thank you very much for invitation congratulations thank you
we we I think that not not only me but all the participants and are celebrating
the the special EIT I I share here my
screen and also in this spirit I also celebrates another special moment
because our astronomy club is celebrating 28 years of
activi we be we we founded the oh wow theonomic grou on May 26
1996 then have 28 years of activity but
it is a long journey all right and er we had the opportunity to
organizing many events here in Brazil and with
International invited speakers from 34 countries visited us and you had the
opportunity to have the participation of Seven astronauts here two Apollo
Astronauts that is BU Al and Charli duck
two RS
H Ana onar that is a a
famous ER space explorer that visited the the national space space station and
the the is astronauts Paulo Nashi and the Brazilian astronauts Marx points and
the you have invited speakers from different countes from all the
continents and one of the invited speaker was was SC Robert that also Vis
us thank you for coming for us and in our history we having many records of
very special moments and for us is a great pleasure
ever when we show the the pictures of the events you organized you had the the
involvement of many young people many
students and we hope that in these 28 years we had the opportunity to motivate
the students to study astronomy science
then this is a is a already for us is uh
the history of the astronomy in our in Brazil that from
1996 we be to write uh a new History of Science in our
region here in Brazil that you are located in the North Region of the state of janir in
Brazil and this amazes show part a small
part a very small part of the activities that you organized
here and last week I was in invited for uh the such time that I participate this
have an event in Brazil that's called PCH of science I don't know if he
International Event or in Brazil that we talk about science in
restaurants in bars in different places these are I was talking about
[Music] astronomy in a in a h
right and you you had this happen during three days in many cities in
Brazil people go to the resturant and have to know about
science and as a celebration of our 28 years
we make participate inauguration of a new nucleus of your astronomic group
near the beach here in a protect park that is the lagon
of here in our city is 50 kilomet far
from the town and here is the inauguration of the
nucleus of our astronomic and also a nucleus of the dark sky hian there and
we also organize an activity of of solar observation near the
Lagoon you see many people with the clothes to take to take bath in
lagon and this was one of the celebrations of Celebration that you
organized and this was the M celebration that this is your
Observatory that was inaugurated in another other protect are that's a
park is a reserve that protect near the
ocean this is the observatory and now it is working it was now great during the and
during the celebration of our 28 years we had the opportunity to test the
telescope that is controlled by the our sky is a project that invol our sky and
thank you Scot again for Scot that was responsible for this opportunity for us that introduced us
thank you very much now great The Observatory is working here our grp
inside the observatory my wife and the other
members of our astronomy group there and here is the telescope and the
system have everything is automatic and the
hoof you can control the hoof online you have a camera inside to see what is
happening inside the observatory and also the telescope is controlled
online and here is all the system the camera the fuser and the pi
everything that see and this a you have energy you have wife I there you have
your cable internet everything and there aote Place far from Main Place from the city
that located is telescope and I will show now the first image that was taking
today that is Omega Cent from the
telescope then it is working oh yeah we are very happy that is have the
opportunity here to have an observatory even that this telescope most of the time will be used
by controlled by our sky and used to other groups we have a part of the time
a small part of the time for our to begin his search here in our seat then
it will be an opportunity for the students here and the teachers to use this telescope to begin research here in
our region and I I like to show something
that I don't know if you already saw because you know everybody knew what
happened with these big sun spots at the same time as the car sun spots that
the 3664 that's a big one and you have big
solar FL and C that arrived in on Earth
in May 10 that you are registered in United
States in many different places in South regions now of United States but also I
have something that I didn't imagine that one day I received a report about
this these are the this not this this is a flare in May 11 that is X
5.8 you have May 10 and the other one in May 11 then we also had one that's ex
88.4 that was the strongest one but is was not H
direct uh to the Earth was in other
direction and this was that I saw that I said that arees of the Aurora Bales in
Mexico this was taken by Thomas cvar
fromat the Mexico something that I never imagine
that I I will see anaz from
Mexico the the latitude is 28
that's fantastic Imes look at this they s aora in
Mexico that is something almost unbelievable but I I also received
reports I saw reports in from
space they register auras in Africa
here in Brazil nobody saw even in the south region of Brazil we didn't see any
a but in Mexico they register AAS something
fantastic i' like to thank the that allowed me to show the that
fantastic amaz and the almost unbelievable amaz and you need to be care because we have two big sun spots
now this one that is 3661 and the
3664 that's coming back that's it today
we have this yesterday we had this big wasn't that is appearing I think
that's one today or to days more we will see again these big sunspots that hit
you have two big sun Sports directly in the direction of the
earth then be prepared because this was I ex to I don't if I'm right that
happened two days ago then you need to be prepared because
you be the sun is very active and I don't know what happen and
I am studying as I am reading papers of
experiments that shows that geomagnetic may
maybe can affect the animals and also
the US well this kind of they interact with
the electricity of your BS and they can affect us you have studies made in
Russia United States and other countries that result is in
mes that show that is affecting mes then I need to be prepared I don't
know but anyway we are safe because it's
not we not it's not something that will affect directly us in a short
time and let you see what you happening when the big sun
Sports turn then this is we are celebrating also the 20 years 28 years
of our group and today we I and our group is celebrating the
150 programs of the the global St part thank you very much s for the
opportunity thank you so is a great pleasure to be here yeah it's great it's great to have you
okay all right so we're going to stay down in uh South America and run down to
Argentina uh you have a great night uh marchello and I know it's late there for
you so thanks very much thank you okay uh let's um bring on marello uh
excuse me Cesar uh Cesar is down in buen are men Tina and uh uh we he has
nicknames one of them is 100 m per hour uh yes
yes 100 mile per hour Caesar U because he was out in the very strong wind one
night uh showing still showing us stuff from his patio okay so uh somebody
talked about you know could you do citizen science with just a small part of the sky and I think the answer is yes
you could probably do citizen science from a light polluted patio in the middle of a big city like where Caesar
lives and um uh so uh you know the main point is to get out and do astronomy and
Caesar uh is is the uh uh I don't want to say the poster child for that but he
is um someone that's always encouraging people to get out and do astronomy no
matter what the conditions are so uh um so let's bring you on Cesar thank you
for uh coming on to the 150th Global Star Party you've probably done almost a
hundred of these by yourself so thank you thank you SC thanks by invite me uh
really it's a big number uh 150 s parties and really yes more than
100 I'm sure that I I been I think it is more than yes I participate and I
participated in in many many mostly and uh yes for for for the the
startings for in the pandemic uh in the Pand pmic situation uh it's incredible
that we uh was continuing and working uh
showing the sky to the to the people make science uh it's for me is a a honor
I am not a science guy but I am I'm not a professional science
but I for me I'm proud is a honor to to share the sky and as you
tell is is great encouraging people to use their own telescopes uh and
conditions where where in the past all people thinking go to the maybe a
weekend for a for a outside from the city uh out of the city
areas with more uh clear skies and Telescope
telescopes mostly of the time were in in the you know in in the boxes with
use um today all the technology about go to mons um and of course
astrophotography um is opportunity to
to to use our our instruments in condition that in the past in the past
maybe no more than 10 years ago um because we are in that revolution
of of uh technology uh we can use IM
middle of the cities where most of the people and um
amateur astronomer live um the opportunity to to have to
use their own telescopes um and take some pictures
maybe are not the pictures with a quality that
you H can get in the in a mostly um in
mostly clear skies or Dark Skies but with a new concept of of uh processing
image or maybe using your camera like
electronic IPS and actually some company er um launch a electronic um
IPS uh it's not the it's not the first time that exist something like this um
Pegasus smart ey that's the name of it hi yes yes thank you Sean thank you hi
hi Sean sorry to interrupt oh no no you're welcome and um and really the
situations where you have a camera this is a a CCD camera but you can use a
planetary camera CCD planetary camera that is cheaper or your old reflex
camera that maybe you maybe for some people tell me ah I have a reflex camera
sometimes I I told to the people um that
buy only a month and use and connect their own
reflex camera and starting to to make a the start Trail the the tracking of the
sky to discover places of nebulas or you
know many things in the sky many Treasures in the sky um because maybe if you go to the to
the dark sky area you can make a draw and enjoy with your eyes the
the a nebula and star cluster um double
star and you can draw for example like a Sean make a beautiful uh drops drops of
of uh uh treasure of the Skies but in the city sometimes you um mostly see or
mostly maybe I can say you don't you don't see the the complete object and
the the helping of Technology of an electronic eyes like a
camera make in your computer uh image where you can enjoy more the
shape the brights of the the in the gas nebula or maybe you can see a Galaxy and
well and of course you need clear sky that tonight I I sent you um a a message
message for by the our our um uh our our I right soon um where the
entire the entire day from the from the midday to the desk to the desk in the
evening was totally totally clear and
now you have FX but of course that I make a
presentation I I have a presentation to show to the people and mostly next week
or I prepare I have prepared this my my Observatory
balcony um of course I hope that next Global star party I can show to the
people live image today I I am not uh uh
show uh live image but I have a lot of image and I can explain how is my my uh
setup of this Observatory balcony and sometimes I go to the rooftop of the
buing um but mostly I use my balcony because I have some part of the sky here
and it's very easy and fast to make a set up because I I have prepared
everything the position of the South um sometimes it's something like a
I can choose between see something in the TV or take my telescope outside in
the balcony um um take some
observations um this is the same that everybody can make with their own
telescopes sometimes you have a entry-level telescope and you can put your your uh cell phone uh that is a c
it's an excellent camera for for astronomy and sometimes like maxic
started you can use your cell phone to make a of course that planetary image is
excellent and two you can make very good
um dark or deep Sky image with a cell phone with a regular cell phone this is
very interesting it's a it's a golden age of Technology uh where we can use a lot of different
things to make astronomy and and things that help us to use our telescopes in
middle of the city with a very very high light polluted skies for
example I share the presentation that I
have yes I'm start from here here [Music]
mhm it's a it's like a resume of all that we made here from from the
balcony um an opportunity an opportunity to explain to the people how how where I
am or um how is my portion of the sky here in South America in Argentina
Argentina is in the Sou like as Chile we
are in the southern cone of the continent here I
have uh 34 degrees south is comparing in United
States Atlanta Georgia have the s a similar
latitude and well the first things is that maybe
you can make uh the same of uh of uh
image as everywhere maybe of course very
very teeny galaxies with very low bright are not good for for for light polluted
Skies but of course that bright lulas solar lunar of course planetary of
course nebulosa planetarias planetary nebulas and H the most um galaxies uh we
are talking about for example galaxies that have that are IM missere cataloges
because you are sure that with a 90 CM
or uh 100 cm Sorry 4 in or 3 in
telescope you start to to you can start to have some uh IM much almost with a
cell phone smartphone uh of bright uh galaxies like
for example the hot Galaxy mesier
104 well this is something like not tonight but normally I I can uh start to
use uh in Winter and it's something that
everybody every body can make from from in your home in their home you can put
today you have a lot of technology that that normally you don't
need uh buy anything to use remotly your computer where you receive the the image
of your camera and make everything with a cell phone with a a Google remote
desktop or another appc ation um and you can enjoy without take
take a lot of cold weather uh or suffer cold weather um C low temperatures um or the
winds like you told me Scot that I remember the that day um yes yes yes
and and uh this is something that everyone everybody
can do it United States Brazil in Argentina well Brazil have armar rookie
that make in the south in the night of Brazil they have a a cold cold weather
too um really cold and some parts of Brazil maybe if marelo is is listening
can can say that that is real in the south of Brazil mostly the Continental
areas with the low mountains but the enough altitude to
have H very low temperatures and maybe they receive
snow maybe it's not something that for every year that is possible but do you
have the problem of of the of the cold weather in astronomy where you need to
put a lot of layer of of uh of uh sorry
the name of this well layers of of of uh well sorry I
forget the the the word we call it Venta in in
in vent or I don't I don't remember the name but you need to cover in layers of
different of different clothes clothes um well I a I put in the in the
presentation Coy rink hot drinks and cool music if if it's
possible but you are you can go today like a professional Observatory outside
of your telescope area and you can go inside really and move your telescope
and take the pictures maybe from your from your bed and this is a technology that is
totally totally um available for everyone well uh this is my field of
view uh because this is the limit of my of the here you can
see I can show you the same and it's uh
for the telescope I I gained this area but this is the the top of the
balcony that you can see here
but for for the position of the telescope I have this this uh part of
the sky too and this is the point of the
Southern uh Southern uh polar hemisphere Southern Southern uh well the
polar the polar South polar hemisphere this is the point I see you can see
maybe because with the same wiing you can see the position of the the EXs 100
Mo this is my my setup uh from the
balcony is the is the the the telescope of this
Observatory this is the the West part is from this
area I can I can show you yes you can see because it's in in opposite
for for me view but is the same the same shape of the wheel like
a like a
stair this is a a a first um view where you can have the
scale where I I remember this was a a conjunction between Moon and Jupiter in
this part of the of the the will I like
um take an scale between between the things to explain to the people for um
things that you see in the land and
compare the to have an an scale because many people think that we use 1,000
magnifications uh for example and when you say no no sometimes I use 20 20
Times mag magnifications for one option or start to to to explain that we think
all in angles um for the people say it's sometimes uh something like uh like a oh
I have this presentation in my store sometimes to show this idea of
scales or how the things are comparing with land
objects well this is one of of my favorite pictures of course that after
see the the the RS uh pictures of of the Moon of
course that this is not something that I can compare but well okay this is was from the balcony from the ni
nice 127 Max Spar scientific
telescopes uh over a ex 100 is
a it's a great Optics um is is something like I tell to the people that in ER the
try all times from their homes from there their balconies in the
city um that try to have this kind of picture interesting because it's it's
really um really I remember the name the the
the uh it's like a prize like a rewarding rewarding it's a it's a I
remember that a it's a word that that John uh teach me and rewarding and this is
something that is for the people is very nice um you can show you can share your
your uh pictur with the people and it's a it's a great time to enjoy
astronomy and is hit there we with the same telescope this was
the the eclipse of May 20 uh 202
22 the annular clipse uh this was the no
this was the the L lunar lunar okay yes we are having we are having annular
Eclipse annular Eclipse um uh next in the Patagonia we are going to the
Patagonia to Santa Cruz uh annular annular eclipse solar annular eclipse
October Two October two nice say the say the
day and this is well this is the another another configuration with the the exos
100 my exos 100 is not the two because it's is the maybe one of the first one
that Scott Rober sent me uh it's before
before the the pandemic the pandemic is one of the first and it's
contining is is going to have four years so
this is incredible or maybe more I think it's more because we are
made is I don't remember how when you launch H the exos 100 but maybe was uh
in in 2009 um 19 or 18
maybe but this one this is the the first that I received and take for me one and
it's still working it's not the two it's not the new ones but I see yeah well
this is the a beautiful uh sun spots that I took uh
from the balcony with the with the mixing um a Celestron this was in
the Pand in the pandemia uh celest maxut of 4
in do you drift align when you're when you have to find your po polar alignment
because there's no real star you can look at right yes yes good question uh
good point of view because uh we don't have a polar alignment stars but uh
something that is very hard H H helpful
I I'll say I I'll uh um
watching you uh I'm sorry watching you I I show you a picture
where because something that is very helping is the southern crust we align
the telescope with the southern crust that is excellent in Australia or here we can
use the Sodom crust here you have well an the three different um how do you say
three different um set setups yes yes the same the same mod
but well here is it's a very old Mo from the 90s only the yes yes a a
classical uh sorry a classical
classical equatorial equatorial Mo with a motor the the in the middle do you
have uh CWB planetary camera ex 100 and
refractor side see what is Bon I don't know how lose because it's
a a brand that um that you have a
different telescope and um the another one is with the reflex camera and that I
use it a lot of times here is a a a moon but not from
the balcony it's not from the from the window in my in my um by the same in
from my living room yeah and here here you have the Southern
Cross here is now here you can see the
top of of the wiing that I have in my back right just
barely slightly to slightly to the left right when you align it's a little left
of the cross the the the you uh you need to to take the measure of this part
right and extend three times and three times okay and half and you can use your
fingers and you have a rly polar alignment but uh we use yes we turn
crazy sometimes to make a a good polar alignment but for the people uh next
time that I having a um having um sorry um star party uh yes
a global Star Party about a clear skies right we can we can show how using the
free application of um of uh this uh
application that is a shark C or Shar cap or
a the the B BHD guiding software you can make a very
precise Al Elations uh especially for South ere where we don't have a Polar
Polar stars but this is another thing that the
people I I teach to the people um use these kind of tools that are excellent
are really excellent because in the but if you can enjoy something for a very
short exposures with a Sone you can use the the typical position of three time
and half projecting and put in this point the the
the the axis of the Polar the quatal mount and you have a R but effective um
you know effective uh polar alignment but if you need of course one minute and
guiding well do you need a a work more precise and today do you have with the
same camera that you are using you can put this kind of software that are
free um the polar alignment and the the the fun thing is that for example Shar
cap have a upgrade where you need to pay to have a more easy polar alignment tool
but if you don't have money to to pay the for kids or you know people that
don't have money for for pay and and upgrade of software you can use
perfectly the free the free uh application tool of the same software
but of course it I say I say many times for the people that
and in many many uh software application software do have a lot of solutions and
if you can pay you got you are making a a good uh support for the people that
make this kind of software for example
this here in beta in beook or Mimosa
this this uh star of Southern Cross you have uh carbon star that is the reddest
the r the reddest the most Ro the reddest star in the sky that is
this it's it's very very red really red and um it's a
carbon star this is something that is very interesting because this is something like you can tell to the kids
and the kids discover this and it's it's fantastic it's like Campbell's um carbon
star carbon yes yes we call it Ruby Ruby like that Ruby it's beautiful Ruby yes
yes and this is quana and this is a picture ah this is
for the windy this is the the the picture from the the wind uh 100 kilomet
ciss wi Scott this is the picture that we talk yes because the here do you have the
small melani cloud with quar 47 to this
is the picture for that night this is history Scot good yes yes I remember Mount
Caesar your Mount is very strong yes that's an explore scientific
huh really yes of course wow that's amazing man I didn't pay these guys to
say all this stuff okay no no you no those are pinpoint stars
for that much wind I am shocked that's amazing I I I think something about the
the astronomy GE for me is something like like um and maybe Scott enjoy this
uh over over the commercial things over the commercial things exist something
like we fall in love some with some kinds of gears in every Hobby in many
many hobbies you you maybe talk about the motor for the you know the Drone or
the and um it start to be start to say in in this in this um how do you say in
this hobby but in in this level of Mount all right level of price um um pay
lad this 110 is going to say that the people tell me for example I say okay I
sell this for seven kilos I I tell you that this is five kilos seven kilos I
love this mod but make your for example for a customer for a for a future
customer and when the people say oh I I
investigate all in Internet and this is a lovely Mount and for me I prefer don't
talk because the people don't believe believe me that they say no no I have one in my home for science for four
years and this is a gear that I love for example
um and it's the problem when you love with the same hobit that you sell
you love oh I need one for me and this is this is something like like
um like enjoy and share with my customer uh and this is beautiful really because
it's it's uh it's theide is it's um in another level that only something
only commercial because I have the same hit totally it's so helpful because
you're using this equipment so you can recommend you know the level of um you
know where they should start and that's the best part of it because you actually use this stuff so you can recommend the
right equipment for people totally totally John and sometimes we um when
but when the people a investigating internet videos and and say oh I found
many many many things very positive about the gear that you that you
recommend me and for me is I I feel really proud because it's not only me
and um I I I think that is uh it's great
because uh in the back of in the background of this mod exist a lot of
people that make a a different design and put
uh of course um a different things out
of the box how this uh mod work that is different because the
the the the the functions of the MS are different and this is great really in
another in another this slide this picture is Karina
nebula with a big big open cluster of course this is um I think that is uh I
don't remember if I took with my reflex camera maybe 200 yes 200 uh mm
um focal lens and here you have and I like to
show for the people the scale how big are the the the
nebulas it's huge huge and oron is maybe two times the moon
andina here I don't have the complete you know the complete or the quantity of
uh exposure that I need to to to show more of this nebula but the best part is
that you can share with the people the idea of scale how big or small are the
things in the sky and here yes you can see the tracking in the building this is
this this part of the sky and this is this is well
exactly here is isina
falling wonderful well Caesar we need to uh we need to
move on uh in our presentations here we've got uh uh Rodrigo ala coming up
and Navin who's staying up late uh to um although you're staying at the latest
right now so no no excellent excellent i y That's passion baby y y yes yes but I
I I appreciate you coming on to the 150 Global star parties these are and for
all your contributions and for being on over 100 of our programs so thank you so
much thank you to you and the audience Scott um I'm happy to share this um I I
uh I continue watching from my bed because here is a little cold in the
Bony but I make the sacrifice to to show the things from the bcon I appreciate
it's a tradition in in our in your yes wonderful thank you so much
thank you so much good night to everyone night good evening Caesar thank you very much okay all right so our next um our
next speaker is Rodrigo hi Rodrigo how many how many how many
times it's been long Rodrigo's been on uh he hasy to see you he has a uh a
retail store in uh Chile and and it's called North Optics and uh um but
Rodrigo is also transition from being an amateur astronomer to a professional
astronomer and um so that's that's really excellent and um I think that
he's also uh quite involved in the astrotourism that goes on in Chile and
uh Chile like Argentina has a very vibrant uh astrotourism
programs going on and uh Rodrigo is right in the middle of it so uh it's
been fun over the years seeing Rodrigo send me photos of him and his daughter
uh uh doing astronomy together in his backyard um but uh and it has been a
little while it's been some months since you've been on so Rodrigo thank you for coming on to the 150th Global Star
Party hey Scot can you in it's a great to join us this night and
I'm very happy it's a long time um I Che with
you my experience when with my daughters in
astrophotography using the the new telescope d 2 a smart telescope it's oh
very popular oh yes yeah this this one here
so [Laughter]
right my da love it this telescope that's the dwarf the dwarf
yeah nice that's the is a Ultra compact you know it can fit in your backpack and
you know you got a little tripod with it and all the rest of it so um it's a
complete telescope with go to syon telescope with a periscope system
this is the lens the sensors motor system and it's smart
and go to the start the very simple model in yeah you set it down and it
aligns itself and and uh you operate it from an app just like you do all the
smart telescopes work this way to are they plate solving Scott that's plate
solving soling and
I with my daughter I te see the the
functions and two weeks ago
they you is um first photo for the de sky is my
daughter a J own and Sh we us your
um your his first
[Music] photo she's already taken pictures at
eight years old that's amazing yes yes this
you wow wow this is from my daughter years old
okay with incredbly
incredbly my B jars two weeks ago the night is very
cold I put the telescope in the in The Bard and Wi-Fi with my smartphone and
and this my my daughter click click click and go to Thea
Cent yeah she see the the screen and wow
this is a a glob cluster in a few
minutes I something in more simpler to to the photo and know
the universe and another question another
topic I sh with you then this week in
Chile
ER this week in Chile AR the the more big digital camer in the
world is uh did you see the picture in uh it's
still on your daughter's globular star cluster uh
okay this oh yeah we got yeah
okay this week AR Chile in La Serena the
more big camera for astronomy in the world is
a is the the world a big camera this camera is work
in the ver ruin observatory in laena
uhuh the last week I go to the party for my daughter and the father of the the
your friends work in ver ruin he tell me the now the telescope is without camera
and now he works is Mount the new camera
for the next year ER this this uh big camera work in the
in the Chile is 3200
megapixel the lens is one crazy5 M the lens wow that's huge this
this lens this lens a big big
camera yes wow uh it's like a maybe a pets B design
man see this is the CER
this this this Monday to laa in the nor lab 1.5 meters is like 59 inch
refractive lens geez that is gotta be so got to be a world record of some sort
because uh that's King Kong's camera they didn't they didn't make uh
much larger refractors than like the 40 right and it was because because the
glass would sag under it weight you know who is the diameter
rodri of the lenses the L 1.5 M wow that's incredible W the big
as the 60inch at melt Wilson yes now now is is going to be the the biggest
refractor in actually working because at the at at the time I for example the W
refractor of pal met each it's in sanan and I recited the last year um this was
the the the biggest refractor at but now is this uh in in working in in functions
and now this is totally incredible yes the this this camera work
in this telescope Inon in near to Sero in
lasena this is a White Field telescope is H what's the F ratio it's
pretty fast then if it's a wide field yes uh White Field telescope for the map
the is a survey telescope for the in in a
week photograph the sky wow
see in one photo is a seven
Moon field that's huge it's a is a
is and those of you that don't know who Vera Rubin was she is the one that
pioneered the idea of um or one of the pioneers of the idea that the universe
is largely made up of Dark Matter yes this so she was she was uh
observing galaxies and the rotation of galaxies and she felt that the stars on
the outer edges of the Galaxy should be slower
uh you know moving yeah much slower and also uh receding from the uh from the
Galaxy Mass itself but it it wasn't you know the no somehow all all the uh light
emitting parts of the Galaxy were being held in uh to the gravity of something
which they could not detect so it's like a tether ball almost you know everything rotates at the same speed even inside
near the black hole as well as on the edge of the Galaxy which is mindboggling
to think about because that's like defies normal thought right yep so was a
it was a big mystery then it's still a mystery now what it is um but uh they
are in the search for dark matter of course and dark energy which I now think
is thought to you know uh be an even larger component of the universe so
that's right I think I remember Scott on uh Cosmos season 2 um they highlighted
the the Galaxy the modeling of the Galaxy yeah and what would happen to the Galaxy if they removed the Dark Matter
component and the Galaxy just flies doesn't hold itself together yeah
there's that's some serious force and Scot I I want to show you the
and two years ago in I working for the imag of the Pista telescope in Paran
okay is another survey and last last month Fair now okay
see H little telescope is a survey like ver ruin little
little ver ruin and when the just west telescope take
the pictures to the with the my professor I compos the like
iMagic of the just web with imagine of the Vista
telescope
is okay W
beautiful this is a picture wow wow the
with Vista telescope is a similar angle for the imag to
[Music] the this web I
is what object is that we're looking at that's a
tarantula yes near the Tanta okay is the
this IM you see the picture yes yes yes this is the the fish
imagine is from from the earth in the Visa telescope and the second imagine
just web do you see the the my screen
yes we see a a blue side image yes
yes this this is the last study of the this project the Visa telescope
and this comparation for the the some
object with the James web and the telescope in
the and this oh right that's I've seen this field yes see yes this is
the did you work on this one as a professional astronomer this was one of your
projects um when I st deploma for astronomy
I contact for astronomer and work for the images of the V telescope and I coor
in the some paper first I process the the data for the images like like this
in for the Vista data the this is a
survey I produce many many data
and the astronomer tell me that very
data um we need to to work and
I work for with this imag for process
the the VIS imag this this the the Vista
work in infrared and I compos
the magic with the bands of the
infrared it's very nice work and this the that
this imagine the astronomer using in the studies for
presentation the the data
and I I work
a coor for the L papers with the
them mhm is uh a lot of work you have to do
with yes when I my my words is n Optics n
Optics my story in Chile I ER
now my client is a serious astronomer
and our friend ER will the
observatory in atakama and cleans for the another city of the CH put your
telescope in atakama and view the images in remote
control is um the low coost hos telescope in Chile in
sou Observatory is ofest is very expensive for the Chilean
astronomer but my friend will the the observatory in atakama for Chilean
astronomer in the low coost is very very good costing
telescope wonderful great yes Pres good thank you so much
Rodrigo thank you that's great that's great okay um so
our our next speaker is uh young Navin uh sentil Kumar and uh I'm I'm very
proud to say that Navin will be uh uh interning here at explore scientific
here pretty soon and so uh we're really happy to have him actually at our
facility and um hopefully he finds that rewarding so now thank you so much so what is your
presentation tonight uh so my presentation tonight is
going to be about the evolution of the universe okay um so I'm I have some
slides so I'm G to share my screen
okay okay
okay uh Navin you're you're muted we can't hear
you can can you'all hear me now yes loud and clear
okay all right let's just do it again so my presentation is going to be about
like the evolution of the universe and firstly let's get into it um just a little bit of background
information um from the introduction around 15 billion years ago the universe
emerged from a hot density of matter and energy so as the cosmos litter cooled
down and it like expanded and got larger it spawned G many galaxies stars planets
and eventually life so roughly like around 15 billion
years ago all of the matter and energy in the universe were concentrated into a single region smaller than the size of a
dime today which it's it's if you see the size of it it's insanely small and
you see all this matter from the universe it's we don't we don't know how big it is and all that is actually
concentrated into like a size of a dime that's what's like mindboggling
here uh so the next slide is about the for first thing we need to know about
like the formation how it formed and as everyone knows the Big Bang Theory of
course the universe began from extremely high density and
temperature and and space expanded as the universe cooled and then the simplest elements
formed then gravity event gradually Drew matter together to form the first stars
and galaxies today and galaxies collected in the groups supernovas and
super clusters and next one and this is like
the very early universe so after the formation of the Universe from The Big Bang the universe was like a hot super
particles for reference so when the universe began to cool the protons and neon started combining into ionized
atoms of hydrogen and helium as we know today and next we go on to the dark ages
of the universe and this period just for reference measures from 370,000 years to about 1 billion years ago and after
recombination of the decoupling the universe was transparent but the clouds of hydrogen collapsed very slowly to
form Our Stars and galaxies meaning no new sources of light were available
go on next um structural emergence so at some point around 200 500 million years
ago approximately the earliest generations of stars and galaxies form the large structures begin to gradually
merge drawn with the foam like matter events drawn throughout the like together in like the universe so as we
go in next we go into our present day Universe the present day universe is
like a mix of the collection of galaxies star clusters and nebul surrounding our world and there's many instances of like
exotic phenomenon just black holes in general and as we go next we're going to
look at the future of the universe so the future of the cosmos is still yet to be determined but like right now there's
a theory that in a 100 billion years all galaxies will be so far away from each
other that they will be not visible with even telescopes for viewing
between a 100 billion and trillions of years from now star formation will gradually slow down and come to a halt
eventually and as a conclusion we conclude therefore the universe has a cause of it its
existence and uh just some uh picks from the total solar CPS um this is just a
one pick that we just uh took from very ni uh next one these are just some like
shots from our telescope that we took is this through the in Stellar oh
yeah this is this was through the interstellar yeah with like a solar filter and stuff and next one these are just some
Shadows some fun Shadows from the driveway and stuff so just trees right here you can see all the eclipse stuff
and going next that's a great way to see the eclipse if you don't know what's
happening you see those in the shadows you go we're having an eclipse yeah it's a fun thing to do it's
a f very fun and easy thing to do and the next these are just some rough iPhone
shots those are really good from the driveway yeah and you got clouded out
too huh that was yeah Dallas in Texas as well but we did you
know so yeah at least we could see a good view yeah so we got this we got
this this is the totality and then this is just a partial and then just some outage just going on
just called some people over to house the sorry home and then um just put up a few telescopes and then public viewing
just in general um just local neighborhood and stuff so yeah for this part and just
some more Outreach just some kids viewing they got fascinated from the eclipse just from looking at the through
the eclipse classes MH it's a person looking through our explore scientific telescope and then we have some more
people looking through the same export scientific telescope as you see and everyone else here everyone that came to
the event were like in total a of like what what's going on because they never really saw like some like some sort of
like event like this happened like in their life so far sure what many people said so thank you that's all that's all
I have for today thank you very much na thank you good job okay you thank you
all right um so uh uh our next um uh
speaker is uh merco uh mayor and merco
is um he's been on you've been on one time before as I recall is that right yeah uhuh okay all right and um so uh
you know I've learned more about you of course John talks about your uh
astronomy adventures and uh you guys with your big reflectors you know you
mentioned today that you have a 32 inch dobsonian that you like to use um
yes I imagine you have to climb up a tall ladder to get up to the eyepiece is that right actually it's it's it's 32 up
three so for much of the night can goodness we can stand you know just on
just on our feet maybe one one step or two steps for I see L John certainly
been a an inspiration on uh me diving into this big aperture ownership I
couldn't have done it without him so Kudos that that scope is Rock Solid in the wind too being short like that it
really combats the wind but but yeah Scott thanks for having me on and it's a
honor and a pleasure to be on your 150th episode so thank you that's great I'm just gonna be real quick all I want to
do is really what's been touched on on uh previously and earlier and uh what an
amazing um presentation from Kareem and and and Nathan and all the other
speakers that was a lot of fun listening to them especially uh got to get Nathan's book it's pretty pretty eye
openening and I love the perspective of that that's what got me into this hobby was really the perspective of looking up
and uh get you know understanding your place in the cosmos um but yeah I was going to go
over what a lot of what was shared already about the that amazing Aurora event um on May 10th and 11th and let me
share my screen see if I could share my screen here uh let's see screen
one so um we so every new moon Scott we
try to get out with our telescopes um yeah get together and um we really
appreciate the Dark Skies where I'm from in in California Southern California you know you have to go ways to get to the
Dark Skies yeah you do um and so this outing took us to Wonder Valley which is
just North of Joshua Tree okay and and uh you know we went on a I had a friend
come from out of town and he wanted to go to Joshua Tree National Park do some uh it's dark out there photography and
have him look through a through a large scope so um you know this is just just sharing this kind of like what it looks
like out there it's really in the middle of nowhere so you can get away from the lights of Los Angeles and everything so
did you guys know you were going to have this
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Laughter]
in Wonder Valley there was really nothing around so you didn't probably see where I was sharing this so yeah
we're so we're set up in just north of Joshua Tree okay Wonder Valley Wonder Valley is here and it's I would say it's
a bort 3 Scott it's not dark dark but it's it's close um G Mars has a site out
there with a bunch of telescopes I've been out to G Mars before yeah yeah we set up there it was nice and warm and
comfortable um then you know we went did a tour around Pioneer Town got this really cool car that's cool and then
these These are the shots of the golden hour in the park wow yeah those trees are amazing
arms yeah and so what I want wanted to show was just one of my just that's an
outrageous shot too bad Adrian couldn't see that yeah well he's probably
watching it yeah this is this is a so this B blow here you know like how adri
talked about um you know the light pollution how far and what it looks like
and what it does but this big glow right here is Palm Springs and it's funny because it almost looks like the the
Milky Way is crashing into the Earth yes like there's an explosion or something
that's the explosion that's right yeah but this is pretty cool this is the Prancing horse you know the nebula right
here R fuchi but I want you to remember this what this looks like right here is
is is this was a clear Knight right and now I'm going to go move into our second Knight okay this one more shot of the
Joshua Tree here um okay so in the second night you
know the Moon is setting this is just cell phone shots of the Moon through the that through the eyepiece so yeah really
good and then some some with some Earth shine
beautiful here's a here's a shot with the moon showing the Earth you know the un you know Earth shine is that with a
32 yeah 32 with an Explorer 30 inch I piece explore scientific and then I'm
hold the cell phone camera up to it yeah that's amazing really good Earth
shine and then less exposure to get more of the okay and so then when we were so
then so then we were you know waiting for it to get dark and then all of a sudden we saw you know this right here
now we're looking North okay and then here's the Big Dipper this is the Big Dipper and then this is the handle of
the Big Dipper oh okay and so while we were looking North we we were seeing
this like you could sort of see because this is lo you saw it first didn't you
see the red light and they were saying no there's no red light no no what I did was what I did what we did was we were
we noticed some striations and and we were setting up our cameras and then next thing I knew I
I I took a picture a test shot like you know 40 degrees up in the air and I saw
this very deep red Hue and I said gentlemen I think we're getting uh some
form of Aurora um and then my friend jumped online confirmed it that there
were some reports of Aurora heading in and this was the night this was probably just right after Sundown on uh May
11th on the 10th so this is before this is before we uh we decided
to really get so basically we're 30 minutes from the park and we started seeing all of this go down and we took
these are self this is actually my camera shot here but um some of these are going to
be oh wow this is this is my DLR camera so after seeing that what we decided was
to run back into the park and get pictures of these uh Joshua trees with
the Aurora yeah it's beautiful merco just sharing just sharing a couple shots
here that's like a postcard that's great yeah that is brilliant y yeah so we were
really just at the right place at the right time we were not trying to chase any of this and here here's a shot with
the Milky Way going into the Aurora but this is Scott it so unprecedented that we were able to capture this from so far
south I know here here's copia right here um right on the horizon
yeah and then I think Wilson years ago Mount Wilson had an auroral display
which was just kind of a reddish glow um and of course this is before smartphones
and stuff so this was uh actually seeing this with the naked eye people thought that a fire was coming you know
yeah during the night we could actually I find out that some people are more sensitive to color than others that's
true um but I was able to see the red Haze um you know getting into the Milky
Way it sort of looked like a brownish kind of Hast almost like a like a like
if smoke were in the that portion of the sky right and then so what we
did I I turned the camera South and this is how far south the uh this glow went
so I I saw multiple pictures of this red Hue and I was like that just it it seems
it looks fake it looks it's yeah it's hard not to make it look fake right but
what I was doing okay so the red glow that's on the ground this is this is also it's illuminated by this Aurora
that right yeah but here's what I here's what I want to share also what I found out about this Scott is that um maybe
for our scientific and academic uh guess uh guess to better explain I understand
that Aurora um you know it's is basically uh ionization or or particles being charged
in the upper atmosphere from from the solar activity right but what this phenomen is is I've learned that this
I've looked on spaceweather.com here and let me see if I can it's actually
they're saying that this is a new kind of phenomena that's being studied
and they're saying that these things occur during um large
geomagnetic events but it's the mechanisms are different than what is a
typical Aurora that they're saying that this is caused by um kinetic kinetic and
thermal effects of of the of the atmosphere and the and it has to be very
very very high but it's apparently it's kind of a it's a new phenomena
interes and I've also been just Googling this um here and there trying to learn
and from what I've seen is that hot plasma flow okay yeah so this
is from so what happens is this it turns into an arc what's called a stable
Aurora red and S okay turns into a Steve and and a Steve stands for for
hold on let me get it thermal emission velocity
enhancement Steve how are you yeah so I think what happened had a guy on before
showing some Steve yeah but I think happened this night was basically this
and it it became this it just stayed there all night this whole that's wild
stayed there in the upper atmosphere yeah and this is another one with
without the trees illuminated but you could see how far south I mean I'm looking South here you know what it
looks like from my film Imaging days okay using actual film it looks like it
was AC like somebody opened up the camera and accident yeah like a reflected light
yeah with trees y so pretty oh wow beauti and
these are these right here are cell phone shots I want show you this I have a time lapse somewhere here here it is
and you could see these with our with our eyes these these columns coming up
out of the sky these were viewable with with our eyes just kind of like a hazzy
yellow glow very kind of faint but you could see
that but um yeah we were just what a fortunate time you know all of us on the
planet viewing this were just yeah yeah pretty fortunate and unprecedented event
and you know there were a lot of I I noticed that just in general conversation you know I go to the
grocery store or whatever and I heard people kind of talking about you know
getting out to try to photograph these Aurora you know and I thought that this was this is cool you know this is a sky
event uh that brings a lot of people together and uh you know uh the average
person's I mean totally interesting in this stuff so this is great this is just
shot uh time lapse again looking pretty much straight up in this towards the end of the night so the it got less red I
guess and this is you know this is Vega very pretty high up in the sky I mean I would say that this was at
least reaching 45 degrees 50 degrees up in the sky but it even went further on
towards the south side of the Milky Way from our vantage point
yeah so that was pretty cool and that's all really I wanted to share thank you
for I'm glad you did that's really great stuff nice job Marco wonderful
wonderful all right all right well merco thanks again for coming on and and
sharing your work and you know I certainly look forward to having you on uh uh in the future so you can share
some more so that that's great stuff and merco can you show that 45 65 you took
of 30 through the 32 oh gosh I don't know if I have it handy it's
very yeah I'll try to dig it up you know uh merco takes pictures he was telling
me one night years ago he goes we can take pictures with these big dobs it's
it's doable yeah everybody said it's not but you know what merco proved him wrong
it is doable oh no it's yeah it's Marco's done some incredible incredible
shots of 51 101 can you see this that's through your
32 inch yeah zoom in on that a little bit yeah it's a little don't merco don't
tell me this is done with your smartphone right this is no no no this is Astro camers this is no no this is an
astro cam yes yes okay all right so um yeah an ASI one sh shot color with uh I
believe it was 10c to 15c exposures okay and stacked about like 45 images so I
think that totals about oh gosh like 10 minutes or eight 15 minutes or something you can see the gravity wave of that
there's like a a gravity wave going through there that's shot geez it's
amazing it's good stuff I'll go ahead I'll go ah and pass it off to John who's doing okay all right John we're gonna
give you the stage man well I don't know my my presentation might not be nearly as good as
that well you have that kind of pinkish purplish Rish you are the a light on you
the sun came out again today it was it hasn't been out in weeks and today it decided to come out so uhuh it's a
little warm in here actually but uh I think I'll be okay okay so yeah um you
know ironically I had uh some pictures as well uh because Andrew was with
merco and um so he sent me the pictures and he was
giving me a playby play when merco was out at the uh Joshua Park and taking
those pictures and um I was like hating it that I didn't get to go
because I you know they really had a great night that night so
but anyway so we're talking about cell phone snapshots so this is actually through
Marco's telescope uh my friend Wayne took this picture and um this is the
Eagle Nebula and to tell you you can see the Pillars of Creation even with a cell
phone snapshot oh yeah that's beautiful is that you have to admit that is
something amazing to see that right there yeah and that telescope is is amazing it it's a fast telescope and
it's super sharp and it gives you the most amazing deep Sky
views this was a cell phone snapshot I'm not sure if that was through meros scope
or a c14 edge probably the edge because it's not
is that 891 or yeah 891 through a cell phone
wow another shot two
53 cell phone what yep cell phone snapshot that's cool
through meros scope through the through the um what is
it the bat the I wish I could take this image and like go back in time just a
little bit okay smartphones existed of course and show some friends that were
spending thousands of dollars on uh AST cams and showing them these image which
would have blown them away can you believe this of course I
with processing a little bit but it's amazing what technology how what you
know I'm just watching these let go back yeah and then to go back some more years
a few decades you know and show the guys at Palomar you know that were running the 200 in what amateur roners are doing
with a phone and a amateur telescope okay yeah uh they would not have
believed it I mean 253 with that kind of detail with a cell phone that you
know I mean that looks better than what you're seeing well not necessarily through the big Scopes but I mean that
that's very much what you're going to see in the big scope and some right
merco yeah it's beautiful yeah that's uh so now I'm going to go on to my drawingss um I'll try to put stuff up
good like meros were because those were beautiful merco really good work unbelievable this is m106 as it would
look through the telescope and uh I'm blessed because I get to look through Marco's 32 when
we're together and and also the 28 and the galaxies you know the bigger
is a little better and um Globs you know more light gives you a better
this is the Sunflower my latest um so this is
m63 and you've seen that one before right Scott the sunflower oh yeah but I
mean that's as good as you're gonna see it right merco in the big
dos oh sorry I was on mute yeah I mean it's a great representation
104 Sombrero that was another version of one
of my sketches it was in a warmer tone we get some really good views of that uh
this was a sketch of the eagle that I
did you know having these big Scopes it makes a big difference uh this is my latest Ring
Nebula again you know with the big Scopes we look at that Central Star quite
often uh especially in merco so you can see it straight away
right dumbbell uh this one I love because uh it reminds me of the Castaway the movie
uh the box with the wings pretty Co the death of a star and and the view that I
had was through the 9 millimeter 120 explorer that was just stunning that
revealed those wings I mean that eyepiece it just opens up the sky and the dumbbell filled the
whole eyepiece it was probably one of the most amazing views of the dumbbell I've
had uh just that's great you know seeing it like that is it's not even real
almost it's so good now this was from their site this is Andrew's picture
merco this is a good one um he was like telling me during the the whole thing he
goes yeah those guys are out there're taking pictures at Joshua tree and they're all motivated and I'm here alone
with the 32 he did some amazing sketches uh
through that look you can see the stars peeking through there here's another one that they um
that he took these are probably similar to what you were getting right
merco yeah it's that's like that last one you were showing that few beautiful transition of
blue and pink that looks really good that must have been a great site for you
guys this one's really cool this is Andrew's scope looking up I thought that
was real nice that's cool yeah that was
uh he's proud of that he likes the silhouette a scope a lot um because you
know I I actually sold him that telescope it's a very good telescope and uh he gets full use out of
that and does some amazing sketches with it and um with the 16 that merco has the
explore scientific and the 14 they were spending one night just using the 16 and
the 14 and having a great time uh getting all kinds of amazing views right
merco yeah that night we uh saw my far far farthest object I've ever seen which
was a a quazar um forget the name it was but um 10
billion light years and that was with the 16 inch scope or no no no that was with the
32 wow well I'm moving on uh my son
graduated honors you know I always took him to the Mount Pinos and uh studied
astronomy a lot with me uh actually helped demo how
jandor's Observatory from Mor Park College when he was a little kid and went to a lot of public star parties uh
he graduated with honors sumacum liotti very proud um the science and astronomy
and art it all paid off mathematics he used it very well and
he's applied himself and now he's graduated college very
proud of course I always like to show a couple of my little little observing buddy my little partner
Bosco hey BOS he got a new uh haircut that's his new bandana for the they give
him a new bandana every time he gets a cut he works out too you can see the
legs on him he's yeah he's buff we take two walks a day every day this this dog
he don't mess around man right of course I love to show a couple
flowers always taking the time to realize the beautiful things that are
all around us every day that a lot of times you don't really look at because you have so much going on but if you
just stop for a second and smell the roses man it'll it'll really give you a
little bit of comfort and um calmness these are just flowers on my
walk with my dog that I come across that I just I'm so blown away by the color
and the way they're blooming so beautifully it's I'd like to share them with all of
you these are just right in the neighborhood you know look at those beautiful
Reds unbelievable views yeah and closing with my little friend
it's nice to live in the corner of the universe where flowers bloom you know so yeah I mean uh the colors are absolutely
amazing and um you know just like some of those carbon stars and in those
beautiful nebulas and the auroras and those colors are very reminiscent all
across the globe you know and throughout the
Universe I'm even have a warm glow to me right now as a matter of fact
but it'll be cooling off soon yeah well that is my presentation
and Mer appreciate it beautiful what a great show tonight
everybody was such a great group of people and and uh knowledge and amazing
pictures and fun stuff I've had a real good time thank you so much yeah it
wonderful to celebrate our 150th with all of you and yeah those presenters
that are out there still watching you know thank you very much uh for coming on we had uh
total I think of um 14 of us something like that so uh but oh actually ier could not
finish his presentation but he was there so I I'll still count it okay um and I
want to thank the audience for tuning in and watching us from around the world we had people from South America the UAE
North Africa uh so it was kind of it was fun it's fun to know that you have
people watching from around the world and um you know of course uh you know uh
we have a much smaller live audience just like the TV series I Love Lucy okay
which is now even today even today the I Love Lucy show is watched by
about 40 million people every day I think I think the
aliens are watching it too because that's we're talking black and
White filmed filmed in front of a live audience of about 300 people okay uh
that was that was a big show back then okay but a lot of the um a lot of the
live shows get oh not so many live live audience maybe like uh if you go to you
go to Burbank and you watch a live uh show you're going to be sitting in an audience of maybe 25 to 50 people
something like that you know mostly those uh Tonight Show and those hosted
shows are where you do that now but I don't think they do like the old days really much no you're probably right
about that that's right yeah so yeah but I'm I I'm GNA try to get a laugh track
in here sometime you know audience going nuts you know
clapping and caned yeah some canned anyhow but you know you can tell
we have fun on um Global Star Party and it's because we're all friends and
um it's nice to make friends with you out there in the audience too so uh I've
got a couple of little videos uh that were supplied I think both of these from
NASA and I'll leave you with that and then we'll uh close out the show but
thank you so much for watching Global star party and um let's see we'll do it
just like that and we'll start off with this one right here
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