Global Star Party 134

Transcript:

okay I think we're all
set welcome to the 134th Global Star Party we're going to get started now this is all about learning more about
the planet you're standing on [Music]
when you think of wildfires you may think of Destruction skeletal forests property loss and lives forever
changed but fires can also bring Rejuvenation they can renew ecosystems
nourish the soil and Foster New Growth but climate change is causing these
fires to burn larger longer and more often these larger and more frequent fires damage ecosystems disrupt
communities and can even influence the climate so understanding the basics of
wildfires and how they're impacted by climate change is key to our ability to predict where and when fires are likely
to occur as well as remotely detect and track wildfires once they ignite and
ultimately mitigate their impacts on human health and the
environment this is is wildfires
101 the first thing you should know is that wildfires require three key ingredients fuel to burn the right
conditions and a source of ignition but what does that actually mean so fuel like needles leaves or wood
on the forest floor is rarely a fire's limiting factor and the conditions that are favorable for fire like hot dry and
windy days are becoming more more and more common as our climate changes under
these fire weather conditions fuels dry out and become more susceptible to burn as for a source of ignition well most of
the wildfires that NASA detects from space are started by people others usually in the Arctic and Boreal regions
are ignited by lightning strikes NASA can track these conditions and inform land managers when an area
appears prone to Wildfire every day NASA is able to
detect thousands of new fires from space along with our partners at Noah we use
both polar orbiting and geostationary satellites to get insight as to the structure and evolution of a fire
geostationary satellites remain fixed in relationship to the globe giving us new images of one hemisphere every 5 to 15
minutes however the resolution is usually coarser than that of polar orbiting satellites which will pass over
a fire twice per day from over 500 mil above the Earth these orbiting
satellites will detect and characterize thermal anomalies locations on the Earth's surface that are hotter than
their neighbors that can indicate burning associated with new or existing fire
events importantly these instruments can detect Fires at night a time when
wildfires typically lay down and smolder since the majority of large wildfires last for multiple days the
ability to track them both day and night is instrumental to helping land managers combat the
blazes but it's not just the fire itself that's
dangerous Wildfire smoke can travel for thousands of miles having the ability to
blanket large swaths of a continent from a single Wildfire smoke from wildfires
can reach high altitudes between 3 to 6 miles and travel with prevailing winds
this smoke can linger in the air for several weeks changing the chemistry of the atmosphere and reducing the amount
of sunlight reaching the surface smoke that gets trapped near the ground severely impacts the air quality
in surrounding communities and poor air quality can last for months as large fires continue to smolder even after the
fire itself has been contained climate change is not only
impacting the size and intensity of wildfires but also their frequency in some regions NASA has over 22 years of
daily fire data to track Wildfire Trends this is important to get a sense of how fire regimes the historical frequency of
wildfires in a region are changing over time understanding an ecosystem's fire
regime is important because in many instances Wildfire is essential to maintain a mixture of younger and older
vegetation however when fires occur too frequently or with increased severity it
can have devastating effects like destroying habitat changing soil chemistry and clogging waterways not to
mention releasing greenhouse gases like CO2 and aerosols into the atmosphere
NASA can study wildfires impact on a landscape by measuring burn scars as well as tracking vegetation loss and rer
regrowth having an accurate assessment of a landscape postfire is a key part of understanding how ecosystems recover
over time NASA's ability to not only track wildfires but also the conditions
that lead to them is essential to our ability to mitigate their impacts we're working with land managers and those on
the front lines to give them the tools including near realtime data to help them make decisions to minimize the
risks and plan for the
[Music]
future [Music]
[Music]
hello everyone and welcome to the 134th Global star party I'm Scott Roberts from
explore scientific and the explore Alliance and our theme tonight is knowing Earth and uh although
astronomers spend a lot of time looking up into the sky and studying planets uh we sometimes surprisingly
know very little about the planet that we're standing on and so uh as of um
this modern era we have an incredible array of uh space-based satellit
and we're collecting data and looking at this planet as we never have before uh
so uh I'm excited to bring you our program and uh we're going to turn this
over to David Levy uh for some commentary and some
poetry well thank you thank you Scott and it's good to be here especially on a
uh with everything that's happening on our own Earth right now I have two poems for each today the first is pretty
obvious relating to uh to the planet Earth it's for TS Elliot's Little Golden
from his four quartex we shall not cease from exploration and the end of all of our
exploring will be to arrive where we started and know the place for the first
time for most of us we observe from the earth our home and that's why it is so
important to have as a theme this week our home the Earth
there's something else happening that from which we observe from the earth and that is H's comment I wanted to let you
all know that next I think it's at the end of sometime during December H's
comet is going to reach its opelon it's farthest point between the
Sun and the comet it'll be it is well beyond the orbit of Neptune right now
and it is rapidly approaching its parah helium and so for the quote that I have
today is going to be from Starlight Nights when where lesie Peltier writes
about H's Comet within historic times 28 visits by H's Comet have been recorded
it's more than that now on an early trip it witnessed the defeat of Atilla Huns
in ad 451 it arrived in time to proide over the Norman Conquest in
1066 in the year 1456 the menacing appearance of the Comet so alarmed Pope
Pope kalistus Kus that he decreed several days of prayer and established
the midday Angelas with a great clanging of bells he then besought the comet to visit its
wrath solely on the invading Turks in 16007 the comet was rushed by both
Shakespeare and Kepler and I like to think that it was also seen by Captain John Smith and
Pocahontas in the Frontier Skies of Jamestown on the following trip around
on his following trip around in 1682 the conl was observed by hie himself who probed into his periodic
past and bequeathed to it an honored name that it can bear with pride throughout the solar system by 1835 when
it returned Affairs of Earth had speed it up many a canal boat traveler looking
down could see the comet glowing on the surface of his Highway Humanity himself
had taken to the skies when the Comet appeared in 1910 for he was making fledgling flights
of perhaps 100 miles in 1986 our historic visitor was visited in turn for
in that year several spacecraft on the earth will hold a rendevu held a rendevu
with Ho's Comet out in space and he ends it with who would venture to foretell
the Wonders and achievements will the comet which the comet will witness in that distant year of 2061 and
2062 or will Humanity itself prove periodic will the Huns be back again
thank you Scott and back to you thank you very much David it's great um uh so
I know that U many of us are getting ready to go to see the annular Eclipse
uh David where are you heading I will be in um platsburg
uh where we're only expecting to get about a 20% eclipse and my feeling is that even
an annular eclipse the ring of fire around the mo the smaller than average
Moon Yeah is a partial eclipse even if you see the annular face so I don't mind
trying to see it from plur but next year I will be with you for the total on
April to will be in Texas for that yes sir well that's great David well you
have a great time in platsburg and uh we'll see you on the next Global Star Party thanks thank you thank you all
right um our next speaker is the vice president of the astronomical League uh
Chuck Bon Chuck is one of the leaders of the largest uh Federation of astronomy
clubs in the world I think maybe of all time uh they have over 300 clubs under
their umbrella uh uh tens of thousands of members uh belong to the astronomical
Club I don't know how many members may have belonged at all times because the
organization's over 70 years old 75 years old actually so um uh we always
enjoy having Chuck on he is h a fascinating individual great sense of
humor as well and um um I'm really happy to have you on Chuck so let me uh bring
you on to the stage there you go okay thank you very much appreciate thanks
I'm just going to cover some fun facts about the planet Earth if I may so I'm going to share a screen here and go
straight to it what you're looking at here is all
the Blue Marble it's a photo that was taken by the Apollo 17 astronauts and
one thing that you need to understand about this Blue Marble that we live on is that it's the largest of the
terrestrial worlds in our solar system system and it's also the densest planet in our solar system um it Formed of
course 4 half billion years ago orbits the sun between 91.4 and
94.5 million miles and it's about 9 thou 7,917 miles in diameter and about 10
miles uh Less in diameter measured from pole to pole so there's a little
oblateness to the earth a little pearshaped quality to it the size of
this uh Blue Marble was first measured in 240 BC with 10% accuracy by a
gentleman who lived right up in this area here in Egypt ostanes uh with an incredible experiment
you should look it up if you're not familiar with it seeing from one particular angle we
look very much indeed like a water planet now the entire surface of the Earth features 197 million square miles
71% of which is covered by water 29% by land um if we took all the water and put
it into a cube it would be a cube uh containing 332 million cubic miles of
water that would be a cube 695 miles on a
side our planet has an axial tilt compared to its orbit around the sun
23.5 degrees the North Pole of course pointing toward Polaris in Versa minor
and the South Pole near Sigma octantis in the southern end we call this orbital
plane that we're in the ecliptical plane uh all planets have one and they're not the same as the Earth uh but of course
we regard ours as being The Benchmark so we call ours the ecliptical plane and measure the other uh planes of the other
planets orbits according to ours this axial tilt that we have of course is
responsible for our seasons in December the southern hemisphere of the Earth is exposed to the direct rays of the sun
whereas the Northern Hemisphere gets oblique rays and less radiation whereas
in summer in the north the Northern Hemisphere gets the direct rays and the southern hemisphere receives much less
now this is rather interesting because the axial tilt is much more responsible
for the seasons than the distance from the Sun is in point of fact uh the sun
is considerably closer uh to the sun 3 million miles closer in fact on January
4th each year that would be in mid Mid Winter for the northern
hemisphere the fact that our a that our AIS points to Polaris Now does not mean
that it always will uh in point of fact the Earth's axis presses much like a
gyroscope will process uh as it spins so does the Earth's axis this occurs over a
period of 20 25,700 years as I mentioned a moment ago
the planets have different planes in their orbits around the Sun they're fairly consistent now that Pluto is out
of the mix uh we Define our plane of the ecliptic as this blue dotted line here
and we measure the inclination of all the other planets in relation to ours
you'll notice there's a black line here called the invariable plane and that's the average
of the mass of all the planets in the solar system that becomes very important in defining what a North Pole is a lot
of people think a North Pole is measured by the right hand rule where you stick your thumb up on your right hand and
curl your fingers around this would show the Earth is having a North Pole where in fact our North Pole is but in point
of fact the north po are defined according to whether the pole is aimed
above the plane of the invariable plane of our solar system so if we look at a distant Galaxy we draw a perpendicular
through the middle of the Galaxy the galactic plane the one that points above our invariable plane is their North
Galactic pole the orbital poles of the planets all Point toward the
constellation Draco uh what that means is that if you look at a perpendicular to the plane of the Earth's orbit it
points to this point here in Draco the other planets since they're a little differently and their orbits have
orbital poles that are a little bit different but all still in the constellation of Draco and the sun's
North Pole points to Draco as well okay speaking of poles uh need to
talk about the Earth's poles because we have several of them we have a geographic pole a north magnetic pole a
North geomagnetic Pole and of course corresponding South South magnetic and South geomagnetic poles as
well the north uh Geographic poll was first reached on April 6 1909 by Matthew
Henson uh and Robert Perry and four Inuits Robert pury and Matthew Henson
were Americans uh Matthew Henson the first African-American to reach the pole along with Robert Perry and uh this
uh conquest of the North Pole was somewhat disputed over the years due to
some navigational discrepancies in recordkeeping uh nonetheless has
generally been regarded as the first conquest of the pole and it caused rol
admon of Norway to when he got news of this caused him to decide not to try to
go for the North Pole but to go to the South Pole instead which he did not have permission to do from his sponsors most
notably uh ER Shackleton but uh Mr adanson did pursue
the South Pole uh in on December 14 1911
uh he achieved the pole in a race against Robert Scott of Great Britain uh
who arrived at the South Pole 28 Days Later and who died in the effort to uh
return home uh on the Arctic ice sheet the North and South Poles by the
way are not fixed in the planet itself if you looked at the seabed 13,000 ft
deep at the North Pole and you saw a pole sticking up it represented the actual location of the pole it would
only be accurate for a little while because over a period of 433 days it
wanders around about 30 feet in two different directions in a circular pattern this is called a Chandler wobble
and the fact that the axis actually shifts within the Earth is caused by gravitational effects from the other
planets in our moon now the north magnetic pole is a
massive Wanderer I'm sure many of you are aware that over the last several years it has taken a real
uh Fast Trip North and uh toward Siberia
uh this is caused of course by shifting ferromagnetic materials in the Earth's mantle um
and the interesting thing about the north magnetic pole is that it's supposed to be the point and is the
point where the magnetic field lines of the earth enter the surface of the Earth
in other words where your compass would be useless unfortunately the north magnetic
pole of anything is where the field lines come out so actually the north magnetic pole that we see on this map
here is actually the Earth's South magnetic pole if you want to prove that to yourself take a magnet with a red
arrow on the side that Points North and that's the North Pole of your magnet and
see if it Points North it will now wouldn't do that unless it was pointing
to an opposite uh charge and so it is an indication that it's pointing in fact to
our South magnetic pole the geomagnetic pole is in
currently in elmir island and it's much more stable and the only way I can Define the North geom geomagnetic Pole
is to say that the overall effect of the Earth's magnetic field in space is a
line running through the center the earth and the Aurora Center on that North geomagnetic Pole and South
geomagnetic Pole the actual magnetic poles that we talked about a moment ago are affected by ferromagnetic flows near
the surface of the Earth and so they're a little different than that magnetic
pole does not run through the center of the earth very strange we have some interesting mountains on Earth but
what's the tallest biggest one uh several have claims to this uh actually
the tallest mountain on Earth ignoring water is monia which supports our kek and Subaru telescopes it's only 1383 ft
above sea level but it's actually a mountain that's 33,500 feet tall measured from the
bottom of the ocean it's base to its Summit the tallest mountain base the
summit above sea level is Denali Mount McKinley in Alaska uh it sits on a plane that's only
2,000 ft above sea level but Rises to 20,000 194 ft so 18,000 ft of it rises above
its Base plane the furthest point from the center of the earth the mountain that I've been on is chimazo in Ecuador
uh it's 2,548 ft above sea level much shorter than Mount Everest in that respect but
because of the equatorial bulge of the earth it Summit is 7,096 Ft further from the center of the
earth than the summit of Mount Everest so this mountain too has a claim to being the tallest mountain in the world
but the real winter of course above sea level is Mount Everest 29317 ft and growing at 4 millimet per
year because the Indian sub subcontinent is still ramming into the Asian
continent uh in 241,000 years another mountain is growing faster than not ever
May surpass it that mountain is nanga parbat the first to climb this mountain of course were Edmond Hill in tenic norg
in May of 1953 they were a lucky backup Summit team that got the green light after the
lead team had oxygen uh equipment failure here's a comparison of Earth's
mountains with the mountains of a lot of other worlds in our solar system bear in mind again the Earth is the densest and
largest of the terrestrial worlds so salt doesn't pile up as high here as it
does on the moon and other smaller worlds Mount Everest is kind of puny down here we can put monia above it if
we ignore the sea uh but notice that Verona rots on Miranda is taller the
limb Mountain on obon is taller bu Solon on aisle 59,000 ft the equatorial bulge
bulge onapa 63,000 fet the mighty Olympus man 69,0 841 ft but possibly
beaten by Ria Sylvia Vesta which has a Mountain Rising above the average radius
of the planet 72,1 78 ft the deepest point on the Earth's
surface of course uh is the Challenger Deep and the Challenger Deep uh is an
extraordinary Place 35,8 56t deep that's about 6.8 miles and
at the bottom of this Abyss uh the pressure is 1,086 atmospheres that's 8
tons per square inch uh it was first visited by jacqu bicard and Don Walsh in
1960 uh in a steel ball being suspended by essentially a canvas bag full of
gasoline this was called a triest um and it took them four hours and 47 minutes
to reach the bottom amazingly when they got to 30,000 ft the outer plexiglass
part of their window cracked and they went ahead and went on down to the bottom another mile deep I I find that
absolutely extraordinary but they did it anyway their record has been surpassed by a few feet American Victor vovo in
2019 went to 35,8 53 feet which is within a couple feet of the deepest
estimated point the lowest point on the surface of the Earth is the Dead Sea Shore of Israel and Jordan uh it's
13,800 uh 3 excuse me 1,385 ft below sea level uh their marker
here on the Jordanian Shores a little off the hottest temperature ever recorded on earth right here in the
United States at furnus Creek Ranch in uh Death Valley uh on July 10th 1913 the
temperature of 134.4 degrees and the coldest temperature ever recorded on earth at
the VTO station on July 21st 1983 atus
28.6 Dees that's a range of
262.50 Club where you can can get into a sauna with no clothes on except boots uh
and they get the sauna up to 200° Fahrenheit very dry sauna and when the
temperature in the midwinter is minus 100 outside they run around the ceremonial polling back those who are
bold try for the geographic pole the interior of the earth is
something I liken to a hot pudding with the skin on top of it our crust of course on which we live only 1 to 60
miles thick beneath that down to a depth of 18800 miles mantle of silicate rock
that reaches temperatures at the bottom of the mantle of over 5,000 degrees fahit below that an outer core of liquid
iron and nickel reaching temperatures close to 7,000 degrees fit and then at
the bottom in the center uh a an inter core of solid nickel and iron Alloys
reaching temperatures of 11,000 degrees F which is hotter than the surface of the
Sun and then on the surface what about us uh well interestingly this right
chart I want to point out really is expanded from this little corner of the
leftand chart so ignore the right chart for a moment this is a measurement of biomass in tons of
carbon plants responsible for 450 billion tons of carbon biomass on
the planet Earth bacteria 70 billion tons fungi 12 billion tons single cell
uh microbes eight billion tons um then we have the uh Little
Square down here we're going to expand it to arthropods just 1 billion tons
fish 700 million tons livestock 100 million and then humans come in at 60
million nematodes come in at 20 million and I'm personally offended by the fact that nematodes are responsible for
onethird as much biomass as we humans are that's really incredible to me birds
come in at 2 million very small amount of biomass in total measurement and if
we just look at the biomass of mammals on the surface of the Earth uh this rather amazing view comes up the the 62%
of the global mammal biomass is livestock cattle pigs sheep horses
Buffalo and so forth and wild mammals only four% of that and the effect uh of
humans raising livestock and increasing our population on wild animals in the world is rather dramatic you can see
that from a 100 thousand years ago we had a two 20 million tons of carbon biomass assigned to wild animals that
dropped to 15 million 10,000 years ago 10 million in 1900 is down to 3 million
now just 2% of the anal biomass and of course we have a moon
2,159 miles in diameter average distance
23885 miles I had the privilege of seeing three launches of Apollo missions
14 15 and 17 from Meritt Island and uh
one of the advantages of going to astronomical League conventions and our next one is in Kansas City next year is
you can meet people who've done amazing things like this gentleman on the right Harrison Schmid he was the geologist who
landed on the moon with Apollo 17 and helped us get a better idea of how the moon formed when I met him I said to him
hey I got to see I got to see your Lodge and he responded I didn't um but what he
did see though is something that we all need to see and that is the earth as our
only planet uh that's reachable in any short period of time and a Haven that's
worth protecting Scott thank you very much WoW wonderful presentation thank
you so much you're welcome thank you um I am uh excited for the next uh Global
or the next um astronomical leag convention uh you know and as we get
closer to that event we will be uh keeping you updated with uh speaker
information and how to attend uh both in person and virtually as well
so um all right thanks again Chuck uh let
me um take a quick look here all right uh we have a new uh presenter although
she's not completely new to the global Star Party Anna Katarina Aila and Anna
was the translator for nicolina that was on our Global Star Party sheet uh is uh
uh young very young astronomer who is researching asteroids uh but uh Anna is
a biologist uh and she is using uh spaceborn satellites to analyze the
Earth and uh Anna thank you for coming on to uh Global star party and giving us
a presentation hey Scott first thank you so much for inviting me honestly it was
a lot of fun to put this together and um uh let me know if you can hear me okay I hope it's hope it's fun for everyone as
well uh and uh yeah also really awesome for Marcelo uh who you're going to hear
from a little later tonight who right you know yeah so I also have to thank him for being here and for like you know
having a chance to he was he was one of your mentors uh when you were uh young is that right uh to this day actually uh
it's kind of um I'm I I'm always a bit baffled by how much he you know he I I
still get to learn from him uh as at this point um and uh yeah he was
definitely um you know he's definitely guilty of the of me following my path in
science is definitely a big part of it is his fault that's great so um I um
hope that this uh is shows okay I took also I took the quick Freedom after the
very interesting talk thank you so much uh to add like just right now really quickly this infographic from a
brilliant science illustrator that I know uh following up on a little bit of that that I was thinking that it was
like also very interesting very like new take on that like those shocking numbers of just the dimension of livestock and
the biomass of different parts of life so thank you for bringing that up um so
um actually okay let me see if I can open this um I hope everyone get you
okay um so uh as uh was mentioned I am a
biologist and I am am using satellites um to do very large scale research on
Earth um and I am hoping that um we can
uh leave this talk a little bit more uh excited about how satellites I find to be like very underrated parts of the um
astronomy and astronautics discussions um so by the end of this
talk I hope that you have a little bit more knowledge on the history of Earth observation um but I'm going to delve a
little bit more into types of satellites and how they work um and then we can uh
look into a little bit of like knowing how they knowing these different type satellites what do they apply what do we
apply them on so what do we use them for and uh how can they help us in the
future going forward um so I understand
that you must be surprised that there is a biologist speaking to you about this
um so I hope you hold on to that question and this should be clear to you by the end of the
talk um so you know if speaking to an audience of people who are very interested in science and astronomy I am
sure you're familiar uh with this image and with uh this epic speech by carlen
uh so that dot that's here that's home that's us um and may that may be um a
lot of people's first thought as it comes to Earth observation those beautiful images um also as earthrise
and and um as the Blue Marble that also was mentioned in the the previous talk
um and uh the thing is looking at the Earth is not only an amazing way to
Insight wonder and uh Beauty um but it started as very much a goal for um
trying to inform decisions that are being made here on Earth um so and these
efforts have started back in the space race and the very first of them were actually not that successful um so this
is the very first picture of Earth that was taken from the from orbit and um it
was described that this actually was an image of the Pacific Ocean I don't know who looks at this and realizes oh yeah
that's a Pacific Ocean um but that's how it started um but surprisingly uh
actually the first um civilian Earth observation satellite so after those
those few first um efforts um then uh
there was an a dedication from the from NASA um and the USGS to try and develop
tools that would allow us to learn about the Earth so the very first satellites
gave us some information about the atmosphere um but um the very first
civilian satellite that was observing the Earth uh that was launched in 1971
start started collecting information 1972 started is lat which is which you
may or may not have heard about which is very widely used to this day so I find that to be so impressive how this
mission that was started so many years ago uh with this intention of informing
decisions on Earth uh has succeeded so much that to this day it is so widely
used um in many different applications uh so lat nine now um is already in
operation and lset next coming up soon so it seems like it's going to keep
going and keep improving um lat five you can see was so long it actually get gets
the Guinness world record for the longest operating Earth observing uh
satellite uh so and it's actually what I use for my research as well so um the
first thought as a lot of scientists have on regarding reping the Earth is lat now so how does lat work um how what
kind of technology is so good that like since the 197s it's still being used um
so it is a what we call a passive multispectral sensor meaning that it is
receiving the um energy uh that is being reflected from the earth uh from the Sun
so um it's multispectral meaning that it has a bunch of discrete bands in the
electr itic spectrum of the light that is reflected back to it so um it
receives um information within only a few discrete bands um now lat 9 has nine
bands um so that is very informative as
a sort of a fingerprint um different features of the Earth so different
coverings clouds snow and ice water are going to absorb and reflect different
wavelengths of light and uh this allows us to then
according to how much is being reflected on these different discrete bands that's observing we can identify what class
what class of um what class of land are we looking at so um landat is high
resolution and it has led us to these like 30 m images um that are just AB absolutely
beautiful and uh it's to me impressive
how this kind of Technology um is able to provide us like the same just
reflected image from the Sun um and the same multispectral like although more bands but still um has
been allowing us to look at the Earth like this for so long um now um other
multispectral satellites have been released these ever s of course lat it's not the only one uh modus um as was
mentioned before is very widely used for fire um detection also Sentinel from the
European Space Agency um and uh the thing is of course there's different
resolutions right so you can see here uh 300 meters which is more of like what
you'd expect it's even smaller modus is even larger than this um and land satat is very high
resolution um so you may be wondering well then why do we even bother
releasing something with a lower resolution if we already have lanat um turns out there's a trade-off between
return time uh which I'm I'm I'm glad that Scott showed that video in the beginning it already sets a nice
introduction into what I'm talking about so for example in blue here you see the footprints what we call the snapshots
that modus is taking which you can see are very large um and gives about 500
meter resolution and the tiny ones are lat so 30 m beautiful images the thing
is lat comes back every 16 days and modus comes back every one or two days
um so there's usually a trade-off between return time so Tempa resolution and the spatial resolution so how big
are your pixels uh this matters because of course if you're trying to just classify you know land or way the forest
grows 16 days not that big of a deal but if you're trying to catch new fires 16
days a lot of land has been burned so uh this is very interesting trade-off these
are some um some a new strategy to try and work through this is being employed right now by some private companies is
the use of constellations uh which you may be familiar with so they solve the tradeoff
of return space with resolution by having multiple satellites that that
achieve the same region um more frequently and you can have incredibly high res resolution
remote sensing of 30 cm up to 15 if the
proper machine learning tools are applied so 15 cmers um which is insane
um so um let me see this okay so that was
um you know the Workhorse of remote sensing multispectral Optical uh right
so here we're looking at now active remot sensing so active remote sensing means it doesn't rely on sunlight which
is amazing it works at night as well um as the satellites emit their the the
pulses they emit the signals and they measure the return of the signals as they reach the Earth surface and return
to the sensor um so the main ones are light R and synthetic arure radar which
we're going to talk about a little bit more so sonar which is what the um
dolphins and bats have which is B basically a similar process of measuring
the return of sound waves uh and like this measuring their distance to an object uh star does the same thing with
so that's radar um with um this with radio waves so very large wavelengths
and liar does the same thing with laser so it's around the near infrared band um
so SAR as I mentioned before in a similar batlik dolphin like way will
emit these radio uh waves towards the Earth and measure the intensity and the
time to return by these waves so like this um and also depending on um the
polarization of these waves uh it can tell the structure of what it's looking
at so it radios pelling structure and moisture as that as water can also
affect the way that these um that these radio waves return um also uh as there
is um a tradeoff um uh between the the larger the wavelength um is the you're
going to have more ability of these of these radio waves to penetrate through
things like leaves for example and reach the ground uh so they have different uses as you're talking about measuring
the volume and the density of vegetation um so as I mentioned there's
a tra so there's a um there this is very large wavelengths right uh the thing is
if you have very large wavelengths you need very very large antennas um to have
acceptable resolution so um it's usually those satellites are released it's uh
definitely a struggle to get them up there with their enormous antennas and uh it's kind of a beautiful effort
um [Music] so okay uh so the image um so you can
have more of a structural idea of what's going on the ground this for example is Amazonia deforestation um so a space of 10 years
this is collected by Jax Japanese space agency um and uh also this may be a
familiar site to anyone that has been to Paris here the Eiffel Tower uh by a
satellite by the Canadian space agency um like as I mentioned similarly
is able to um is measures the return um of lasers that it's the Earth um and um
the um very interesting thing is you can also tell structure from liar um and it
has much smaller fingerprints right uh this is also from Japanese space agency
um so by it also comes it can also come from Airborne sources so depending on
the return you can tell the whole canopy structure of a forest which is um very
helpful if you're trying to determine biomass density um and an amazing
mission that we have right now going on is Jedi uh which is also brilliantly named it's in the International Space
Station and it's the first high resolution laser uh so this you can
clearly see um like in an American example example how it can tell the
density of the canopy in the in the height uh so we can have scans of forest
all over the world um and uh it was supposed to be retired from from the ice
from the space station in January this year um but thankfully there was a big
effort from scientists all over the planet to beg NASA to please keep it we
need it um uh people sent slides I sent one I am so sorry for whoever had had to sit through all of these lines of
scientists all over the place begging them not to get rid of Jedi and it's still going on so I hope the mission
will continue for a long time um one interesting application of this for example is this paper that came out less
than a week ago four days ago it's fresh out of the oven in Science magazine um showing how liar a combination of of um
of satellite and Airborne can help us see archaeological sites that were
hidden under the forest um and uh this now there's over 10,000 pre-columbian uh
Earthworks that are being um discovered through liar uh so it's um quite
impressive um another one that is also in the in the space station besides um you know
besides structure and uh color we can also look at things like temperature for example so there is a radiometer meaning
that it measures um different it can tell different intensities of light that is that is being received at different
bands of the electromagnetic spectrum um and it's also recently released and
people are also very excited about it as you can tell the temperature of soil and the temperature of plants and the way
that they transpire um very useful in a world with changing
climate uh to just to mention two missions that are coming up that are groundbre and that I'm very excited
about is a hyperspectral um imager from NASA which
you can think of it a sort of a multispectral with so many bands when lat has nine bands this will have
hundreds um and which allows us to classify land much easier may come 2024
we don't know it's been postponed and Esa biomass which is going to be um very
uh large wavelength um uh radar so it's going to allow us to
understand biomass of very dense forests much easier now uh so um then you must already have
some suspicion on why there is an ecologist that is speaking to you about this um if you look into NASA's YouTube
channel surprisingly you're GNA find that a lot of their content is actually
regarding remote sensing and it's actually regarding applications of the of their work um in JPL um they hire
people from all sorts of fields um to make sure that these tutorials are
available and that this data is easily accessible uh for many different
applications uh the most evident one that people are mostly familiar with is weather and climate so by looking at
flooding and clouds you can get not only a daily weather app but also monitor air
quality um so um as you can tell the um Aerosoles and the spectrum of the
atmosphere anticipate storms and for example here the Libya floods um this was from very high resolution um and
anticipate storms coming up um also geology as my labmate who works with
volcanoes will very be very happy to tell you um you can tell such minute
changes in surface that a few centimeters uh that changes because of
an earthquake or because of even the movement of La of lava underneath a volcano um you can monitor disasters and
you can plan mining activities um and study volcanic activity so uh that's
still very widely used um oceanography so this is literally the data that
another one of my labmates uses um as she studies phop Plankton um and uh this
is from modus aqua uh so there is another one of the ones I was mentioned before uh a cousin of the
satellite that studies fires um and she studies algal blooms so um if with this
you can tell the productivity of oceans but more and help which helps plan Fisheries um and ocean conservation of
course uh but which is very interesting is if you have very high resolution satellite you can also detect illegal
ships um and manage high traffic ports or high traffic areas like the Panama
Canal for example um and that's where I am personally
involved in landuse monitoring so um by classifying land use type and crop
Health uh we can plan agriculture right now I'm using this information to help
understand how forests grow after um they are regrowing on land that's been abandoned by agricultural practices and
what is very funny is at some point I was in a family reunion talking about my research with my cousin who is a lawyer
and who is working on land registering in Brazil and I passively mention oh yeah I'm working with landat data from a
bias Source I'm working with that too what do you mean so it turns out he's
using the same tool as I am to make sure that the legal registry of land in
Brazil is being done correctly and that people that are cropping and using the land are paying the appropriate taxes uh
so all sorts of different applications of the same material um and where it becomes very
obvious my personal interest on forestry so beyond monitor deforestation fires as
was mentioned before and the health of trees uh you can also at this point uh
literally understand biodiversity distributions of different species of trees um and uh
also estimate carbon sequestration uh so the biodiversity applications of remote sensing is Cutting Edge in ecology right
now the hottest topic um and the for example here's um one application which
you can tell different species of trees um this is the data that I am using for my research that tell which area has
been burnt based on landat um and um also this is I I took a screenshot of
this from my um from my research project this is um biomass data across the
Brazilian Sun Basin uh from the European Space Agency um it comes from radar and
liar together um so um you know so this
ability to look at color structure composition moisture um this allows us to do the kind of research that was
Unthinkable in a not to distant past um this view into the past is view into
like instantaneous uh large scale ecology uh we allows us to understand things that
were impossible to um not too long ago as Scott also mentioned in the beginning um so I I am using this to work with
sustainable agriculture um and I'm very happy that I get to use this very
interesting tools for this uh but so remote sensing is a very crucial tool right now for all sorts of Earth
sciences and research on the effects and mitigation of climate change uh so much
is being invested on very high resolution satellites for you know in a world in which there's so much War um
spy satellites ultra high res um but um
we really need and I'm very excited for this this release of more hyp for more
hyperspectral satellites and the um more um large um
wavelength uh radar so that we can have better estimates of carbon accumulation in the forest um
so um this uh you know as um Carl sigan very
eloquently I don't think I can do this better than he did um this underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly
with one another and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot the only home we've ever known um and uh indeed a humbling and
character building experience I believe that my fellow astronomy enthusiasts would agree um so thank you very much I
hope I didn't take too long thank you Anna there's a couple of questions uh
one of them is um uh from Adrian Norwick and he wants to know about the satellites he's he's asking do the
satellite missions process data in space or do they just collect and send raw da
data down to earth so they tend to collect data and send it down to earth also because um storage is a an issue
that they have as well mainly with hyperspectral because there's so much data that they collect with these so
many bands um and they try and minimize as much as possible of the uh the
storage that is done there so usually um NASA um makes raw data available and uh
so you can get data as it comes out of the satellite straight and fresh um but they also process the data and show
different steps of processing for example for the for Jedi for the lar um
like the ecosystem Mission the the carbon measurements from light from lar
um I was using level four processing data so that means that they've already
picked a raw liar got canopy height than they got biomass from it
um I see okay another question is could radar at microwave frequencies be useful
instead of liar or visible light um so usually the from what I've learned
so far is so I began my research working with just liar thinking it's the coolest thing ever it's like Jedi is like new
tech and I quickly learned that combinations of them seem to be the best
approach so even if you have multiple sources of liar as you combine them and
as you compare them you are more likely to find the most accurate
biomass estimates so the tool that I'm using right now is not just radar it's
radar that's been calibrated with lar um which by itself also Jedi has been
calibrated with ground some ground measured plots and with airborn so the more the merrier um and each technique
can be made better by combination with this cousins and a final question are there
any missions with actual uh information of light pollution is there a light pollution mission of any
kind I am actually I know that there are I I I'm definitely misinformed about
this I know that there are like you can find on a lot of NASA's NASA has a lot of information online um NASA's maps on
uh the on on like illumination of the Earth by night we've seen those
beautiful photos right um so um I believe that that would probably come
from you know this is pure my own speculation I believe that would probably come from multispectral um as
it is just uh like you know some sort of like is just receiving was being emitted by the Earth itself um but I am not sure
I I know that there are missions that work on this I am that but I I believe that it may be the same missions that
are doing multispectral during the day I see good question uh would be interesting to look into it right okay
well Anna thank thank you so much again for coming on and sharing uh your knowledge we'll I'll ask you to come
back on again because this was fascinating thank you so much thank you I'm glad you enjoyed it I I actually had
a great time so I'd love to thank you that's wonderful thanks okay all right so our next speaker uh is none other
than Caesar brolo uh he is uh down in Argentina and I think he's going to talk
more about the uh the star party that he attended that right yes yes Scott how
are you can you hear me good it's all good great connection thank you okay
excellent yes we I improved that my connection in my home but maybe for from the balcony
maybe when we return uh to to transmit uh from the M the balcony uh after the
star party I don't know maybe it's more it I saw that is more a a program of the
the computer that I use in the balcony but uh you know um in the rest in the
another part of the home we have this connection like you know well I am uh I
was um thinking that I I was not able uh tonight to share something with the
audience because I'm um not tomorrow if not tomorrow tomorrow in to days I'm
going to katamar Star party you know that I prepare a lot a lot of
things um I'll share with the with um
with you uh and another things more ER returning to the map um well uh we are
starting to show again the Where is the
Kara let me share here
and sure okay well as tonight we was
talking about the he from from the sky I
choose this picture of um Maps Google Maps but no only the map
if not the satelli tile the satelli tile um you know um picture
um let me uh my indication I put again
yes the road um actually uh this this one uh is
going to to take by Google Maps and this is um we are using the technology that
tonight we are talking about satelli ties you know
um um well the calculation for this trip from
buenos H San Fernando de catamara and the location of the rodeo it's around 14
hours 30 minutes and of course that I'll I'll be not I'll be uh I'll be going
to to to take a a stop in this city that is the
second City in Argentina in
population is Cordova you can see that in this area
this is the the typical agricultural area in Argentina as the same the same kind of
of place where Maxi live is flat it's like Texas
but from the center to the West you start to to found a um
weather more dry and you start to see small mountains
to the highest mountains to the west tonight I don't confuse the West and
East because last week to remember Scot that I I say me east and west no no no
going to the West and this is from to the to the Northwest yes and um this is
for for because on um we were we are going to
work the the entire near to the entire days we we um close the store and we go
to the car and go take and we are taking the the
road and two call Cordova with a with a car full of telescopes um a lot of
things um at the second day I I drive only six hour
more by this road and something that is very
interesting is is this area where you you cross a a Salt Lake
very very big it's very
interesting and here you you left the the flat areas and
you start to drrive by the
mountains and the area where we go is not the city in the
cities the place where we install with Miguel makan um we I am the
one of the the padrinos of of uh this Observatory and it's
a a huge horor for me um but we make the
star party here in the mountains in this area very a very very nice area that
last week I show you some
pictures from from from Google
Maps and this is a a very nice very nice
place it's a a dry weather and you have a a great
conditions uh very gray uh uh sky
uh at the night it's very nice
place of course that next time I'll I'll get pictures from taking from uh from me
and all participates and this is the oia where we
make let me rodo especially this this is the the hostel the the place very nice
very nice yes look that we are we are going to have a very
nice star party here it's the first time and really we are HED to have a
beautiful beautiful star party
here this is the locro that is a typical typical food of Argentina in in Katara
is a typic more typical food and well I
don't know if we are going to have a Corona beus but I don't have any
problems with
this ah yes I it's like a hook Maxi was
listening yes he maxi how are you and go on
that and well um this is a a very nice place we are going in two days we are
going uh to to this place um the the
weather report is going to have uh 26 U degrees and maybe 9 degrees in the
in the in the night that is okay is um at this moment the the we reper get a
clear clear night uh I have a small
[Music]
[Music] presentation and I share
this okay well this is that I use this one
that I use like as um you know as um this the diploma the the certificate of
the people that go to the to the star party ever we we make a gift with this
um some for example this year we are going make a a gift with a solar Google
Eclipse Googles and uh you know um we are watching something of of the eclipse
something fun is well first of all this is the
program the chronogr we start at the 14 in in the two two 2 PM with
accreditations uh the first talk is at er all this is is before the the lunch
uh 14 to 2 p.m. accreditations how many mentss have the axis of the of axis
rotection of of uh the or well I I'll prepare a a Translate translation for
for this next time uh but how many how many rotation axis have the the ha it's
not only one um only of rotation not translation you know uh it it will be very
interesting this say astronomer Dr Maria svina deasi um at 400 p.m. oh my God astronomia mat
visual or photographia uh Amat astronomy visual of or
astrophotography I will talk about this uh together with Theo Alejandro
velli my friends that we was talking with the the the people from many many
years um er Alejandro velli have an
excellent work over you know the he's a big fan of your ey pieces of explore
scientific ey pieces and he work with many many Brands he have a collection of
80 80 I pieces in in their in their uh
boxes uh and he work a lot making all for for the people about
calculations for you know for H extraction po a lot of things a lot of
things for each ipce well we have at five
five p.m coffee break uh well we are going to have a lot of things uh differ
at the night uh we are going of course to watch the sky Saturday ah this is
very interesting well this is the program that it's for the three days we
finish with a round table or original evolution of the universe by Dr Gabriela
gabria is is a great physics um is very very interesting because he is actually
an investigation for for a lot of things that image that came from from the w
from the web telescope um tens tension well I can't uh sorry that
I can't um you know I can't uh translate
properly this tension over the determination of
the well expansion of the universe but okay next time I I'll prepare a a small
resume of this um now we are going to the very important thing the minu for
the three days Scott and I could I could translate
this what do you think bacon banadas what do you think Maxi if you're
if you're listening next time entry the entry of
course astronomy of astronomy yes Gastronomy yes Gastronomy absolutely
absolutely uh well this is very important for every day uh um it's very important that we
have it all day inance of H bed mat P very important well the Saturday 14 hon
H Andes omelet and okay I'll I think that I'll return with maybe five kilos
more and this is a picture of of the Sal Lake Salen
Grandes going from Cordova to Katara and cruising a part of sanoo it's a huge huge Salinas it's very
very interesting stop sh um another thing
that I made I don't know if I have time Scott only one minute more maybe I show
I can I can show you yes no no but I I I don't see my time okay uh short thing of
this I'll show you the things that I prepare today for example uh solar
filters because we are going to watch a small part of the clipse and a partial
part of the clipse and I'll share you some pictures
only you can see this I prepare solar filter for for a different telescope
that the people told me okay I I need some solar solar filter or um this one
was prepared for the 11 in h 11 Ines smid CRA um I confess that I use a ring
of a like of a like um Le light uh that
is out of use that was uh um without use
and they are excellent excellent the ring because it's a struct metal
structure um work properly working properly to to assembly a solar a solar
a solar film I use a polymer polymeros um
39 very strong but you know that is the same of of the solar shades
um well I we prepare all in our
laboratory is is really here you can
see you can see the film and we prepare the film
MH here is it's ready we I put uh double double stick um tape um the best way is
very clean you know the best way that we we uh choose is is put the ring over the
film um this was work really really
good um you don't care if you have a some some not disc scres but but sound
waves is not a problem because you know that the film work properly and you
don't need to put something so flat or you know but of course that that uh the
best way is make a good
work here's me working all day m h assembly field solar filters for the
star party because um we are using a lot of different telescope we are carrying a
lot of telescope to the S party and we need solar filter to to see the partial
eclipse for for the the participants you
know a very very careful work yes you know and
clean and and really was was a nice a nice world and this is the the finished
work we use duct tap to cover all and and really really we don't use never
never we don't use glue uh because it's not safe we use um a a a a good uh a
good brand of um of filter
material yes yes uh you know I would BR
of for for this the tape double side tape you know and this is much better
than the glue to to to to assembly for assembly H solar filters for
telescopes um the last thing that I show you only
one minute is this is how many how
many cover the the Moon from kabara nooses is is
a little more this is all that we are watching
this Saturday
ah we are not going to to this is
all and for for us it's enough something that was crazy that was when we started
to organize we forget this the eclipse um for us was a PR a a a
surprise a surprising prize that come on this this Saturday we have the eclipse
um was a plus was a plus or it's a plus that we
don't we don't expect because they say okay we have an eclipse inside the sari
of course is is like a like a small piece of of is it's like a something you know um
like a a dent in in in a in a pie in a in a p in a pee in a in a Tor well I'm
sorry with my English well well I I'll return next
Tuesday with with a a lot of pictures I'm hope that that with a lot of things
to show to the audience and well we I I'll go in I have
in my in my our warehouse we are preparing everything the promotion
material the telescope that we carry everything everything um yeah and uhh Cesar you
will be giving how many talks during this program sorry will you give
presentations yourself at uh at the star party how how many how many
presentations I have here in global star party no the star party you're going to
tomorrow ah yes will you give a presentation there yes of course of
about about Optics I see about Optics yes yes two presentations about Optics
and about care connected with the with the idea of
Health in in our um vision for for our
eyes uh I I'll going to talk a little about
protection for our eyes when we watch uh H solar eclipse the eclipse yeah yes yes
great idea so yes yes is I have two talks in I have two talks this year yes
they the I I have a question for you Caesar you are your um
facility uh analyzes people's eyes and fits them for
glasses have you met anyone that had damage from looking at the
sun yes but A Very Old Man a very old
Amat astronomer what's very interesting for maybe maybe I remember
that he told me that was a eclipse from from
the first of all he h he had maybe 95 in the in the 90 years and was
uh he came from maculopathy that is a problem of of in
the retina but normal for Asian people but he told me when he
watch um telescope in hour 10 I was working with him
like optometrist you know but um he this
guy told me that he had a small small
black area from their their young years
because was a eclipse maybe in the 1940s in Argentina my father know him
and this guy had a a small small uh black area or blind area in his
retina um because he watched a an
eclipse um with no filter obviously no and maybe 1940s it was in the 40s you
know maybe he used something like a glass with a
smoke like the s yes yes yes that but I never I never saw an in a
modern yes and it it would be very interesting because normally we receive
the people in low vision low vision is a of maula um but I remember that this guy
was very very interested guy um old men but you know and I'm I'm a astronomer I
oh I have my mark like a something Pro you know the the the the old Generations
uh they are some are lovely people and was the first the first thing that I I
listen about this guy that he really he had their first BL spot in in
in his retina yes in one ice of course
and was incredible incredible yes so be careful you know make sure that you're
using solar filters correctly yes and um uh I in
2017 I remember that we had a customer he was an amateur astronomer and I've
told the story before but I tell it again and again especially around the time of an eclipse um he asked us if he
could buy eclipse glasses and then look through his telescope okay no my God to
buy a a filter for his telescope just for his eyes and uh I made a video and
you can see that the sunlight coming through the eyepiece just instantly
Burns absolutely absolutely I I remember I remember that that today it's the the
the connection between the manufacturers for telescopes and the
people is another thing you me and many many people watch in the in the end of
the 80s that many many times we received telescopes from Japan of the first one
from China with a with a solar filter
for for screw scrub in the in the IP and this is crazy I remember that I needed
all times er open the box and take take
this and yes go to the trash never never is yes
um they it's hard to even see something like that today because um yes countries
actually made that illegal you know absolutely and maybe the connection
between you know between the the manufacturers the dealer um is different
the the information of the people but despite this uh take the all all things
for example to way making the the the solar filters I put a two different
layers of tape and and special special material to keep very very safe in this
in the own place the the material and it's something that I make from many
many years and I we use we B in United States a seere 39 polymer in military
grade that is very very different to the to the thing simple is the same that
that explore scientific use and because is the best sure the best way the best
material to use because it's safe is not easy to broke or scratch because if you
found some scratch in the in the luminum layer of of your filter don't use please
yeah yeah because you know the aluminium is a filter too and
um well but I think that the audience this audience is take a lot of different
cares about but but I think the people that in the common people sometimes from
the TV National TV and very popular culture don't receive the the the the
real things about the care uh for watch an eclipse right yeah
thank you very much Scot it's better now uh one last question uh uh mg astronomy
is watching on YouTube and he says I remember some people using x-ray sheets you know like for X-Ray when it was uh
shot on film and he wanted to know if this was the case in Argentina around
the late 60s or early 70s did they use film like
um they right films for example I remember exposed film that was all black
you know yes um of course that that that I think that be a before this time all
before this time in the 80s or earlier today we have manufacturers of
of of films with the iso the iso properties and and and take a a
really a lot of different ER compliments
for safety and maybe from the 80s and
and backward uh maybe it's like a you tell me is called uh x-ray H films or um you
know I I don't know but how many how many different things I know that the people use the most the more the the
same thing in the past ever ever was the number 14 um welder welder glass I don't
know if welder glass but Scott tell me that this is a right number in English
the for welding I I don't you know I I don't recommend welding glass no no no
no I I was talking in the past in the past I I know yes no no no sorry if I
introduce but I remember when the the second of July of 2019 s clips in
Argentina I was in the farm area in Gaga and I remember the the little kids
from that form they got sunglasses that the school gave them to watch the
sunclipse and they remember that they could not
take over ER in the moment of the the the the the Suns comes up again
they could see without the the sunglasses the the total Clips
but they have to be prepared to put it on again to watch the the sun comes
shining again so I remember that there was a darker afternoon and when that's
the sun came up again was wow was shocking but these kids they were
prepared because some people say you can you need to do this
for precaution and but I remember in
2017 when I saw the first one solar eclip I didn't have solar filter I only
have a a refractor telescope and of course I knew that it's
impossible to watch the the the the solar eclips through the telescope
without a filter but I did it in the um
projection by projection to a paper puted on a carton tape and in a darker
area I project the totally Maxi yes the projection uh I remember that in the
'90s the that where we have totality by Mission in the north of Argentina the
this the same Eclipse I I couldn't go to Mission and every remember that we prepar in the in another store a a solar
projection a very big one meter of of diameter of of the in the screen with a
small refractor uh with a varlo you know and and and an ipce um safe because if
something can be M bet tried not bet
Tred how do you say a Rado or is
the damage damage damage yes can be damage the telescope no the I and this
is I think that if you if you are not are not sure of of your of the your
instruments I think for especially for this kind of of partial eclipses and
a projection a projection can be safe if you don't have nothing but it's not so
safe because the problem is with the kids that sometimes the kids like to see
something or or when are appointing to the to the sun is very bad idea the
projection because you sometimes the people are watching a lot of of light that they
they they rece is is really dangerous filter the best way is filter
exactly yes well thank you thank you very much your turn Maxi
and we'll turn it over to you Maxi thank you so much for coming to the global Star Party well thank you guys for
inviting me uh well sorry if I interrupt the discussion and Cesar have a really
good it's a pleasure it's a pleasure have a really good night this weekend in Kat I hope you enjoy the the your star
party so well uh what I'm going to show you is going what I'm be doing this
couple days you can see I'm feeling much much more better but I'm
still coughing sorry but I'm feeling much better you feel better anyway yeah
that's important um what I want to show you is some things that I've been
doing um okay do you see in my screen yes okay
well of course in this case it's a total solar eclipse and in this case it's not
going to happen from here even in the northern hemisphere isn't not because
it's going to be an annular Eclipse so the moon it's much farther now so and
not cover completely the the solar disc so it's going to be impossible but
anyway in Argentina in my place it's going to be like this at almost uh 500
pm. ER on the afternoon it's going to be like this but
this weekend I'm going I will not going to be in my here so I'm going to move
more to the South because we're going to do some landscape with some friends
including Nico and we're going to be here in
Sierra laana this is our our little mountains in the Buenos Province and
unfortunately here in this place uh let me put it
the the the location is in just a bit
no it's um it's
nothing no W it's going to be like this almost from
here so you can see this almost nothing at that time of the
solar eclipse so anyway it's going to be impossible to
watch it from this region and well what I'm going to show
you is like I say I was doing this couple days
ago I was sing pictures to the Alex
nebula the ey of God that everyone call it and in this case you can see uh we
have three image of this place but these are very different because in this one
was only a a a one night stack image and
this was two nights stack image and this one was three nights of
stacking imagine so basically in the this part there's a lot of
difference and er it's more brighten than here than
the second one and of course the the the the first so when I process this
um I was I think two days processing this I I was I was not borrowed to watch
it but my eyes they always when I see some something
rep every time and every time you lost
per um focus on what you going to do so my
final image from this of processing and everything was this
one and you can see there's a lot of details in the core of the
this B huge planetary nebula and I saw a picture of a I think
it was the esa telescope and of course there's a
lot of differences but H anyway I really love to capture all these
little ER shapes and color of this
particularly neula but anyway I I still think that
still capturing a couple of nights much later but ER anyway there's a really
good one object to to
immortality so the bonus ER object that I also
captur for that third night was this
region and this particular region is in the large magia Cloud so basically here
is now rising up from the southeast to the to the Senate and then to the
Southwest so I will have it all night long for a couple months so I will have
to H if I get this from one single night I can even imagine if I will get four
nights taking pictures of this place so there's a lot of
objects the they are in this area and these are near from
the taranta nebula but it's more outside of the large Mar cloud
and I process this
image and I get this results for the night but I didn't like the process
finish but anyway I had to get more
data and I annotate this ER
object sorry this was this one one and you can see there's here's the
the different NGC objects that we have you you can see NGC 2020 20 40 H
2030 2032 NGC there's a lot
many in a single field of view and of course there's a lots of global clusters
and I think this is a little Galaxy you know if you can see here
there but the the catalog it doesn't appear I don't know if I do h a p BGC
catalog or something but it's kind of Galaxy but the and of
course there's a lot of nebulosities really
small but of course this one but the the catalog doesn't put it on
it and but anyway this I I saw pictures
of this field of view only and they are incredible but anyway it's good to have
all this one two in the single picture and you know I hope to to continue to
capture this one because it's very rich of oxygen 3 and HL
and you can see on this particularly colors and the the the cor of this
neocity is amazing I really wanted to capture a lot a long time ago I did this
only in RGB but it doesn't the same data and the
colors of course they're they're not the same so I will I I will have my my goal
for this season of the large Mar CH CL I think so well uh I think this is for all
tonight I hope that you enjoyed my presentation and well let's see you
maybe if I still alive the next GSP you're getting better and better all
the time so I think you you you'll be fine no but for for my health and my breathing it's okay you know but for my
landscape from this large weekend that we I have we're going to do a trip of
walking through mountains of 50 kilometers maybe
we are going to rest on the top of this mountain and that's a it's called the
the the CHP of the wocus province because it's the is the point of more
high altitude almost I think 1,00
239 m above the the the the sea mhm so
it's really high H the watera say is going to be with maybe
20 Celsius degrees and night 70 sorry at
night s but I think at that high is going to be much more low
so I will tell you Scott I'll send you some pictures from that all right take your
vitamins yeah you'll be stronger better everything for doing this so that's great well I I have my my Mountain bag
now so I have to put everything backpack right okay
exactly okay wonderful think camping is great for for anyone so thank you so
much maxi hope to see you next glob Star Party take care byebye
okay okay folks uh we are going to take a 10-minute break and we will be back
with Caitlyn goulette um or goule maybe is how it's actually pronounced I she is
new to uh the global Star Party um and uh she's a remarkable young lady uh and
I'm very excited to have her on so hang in there get uh get a cup of coffee grab
a sandwich relax a little bit stretch your legs and we'll be back with more Global Star
Party
[Music]
um Scott I'm sorry can you hear me I think you're muted hi everyone I'm
[Laughter] muted I appreciate that Caitlyn um
anyways um without further ado I'm going to introduce Caitlyn goulette it's
goulette correct yes it is great okay all right
um and uh uh I did want to say that you know I was really excited about all the
stuff that we're learning today about our own precious planet Earth um Caitlyn
uh was introduced to me by David Iker from astronomy magazine where he saw her
give a talk at stellane and um I think she was giving a uh u a planet uh a
planet by Planet uh description uh kind of like a scale model model of the solar
system or something but Kaylin's been doing this for quite a while she gets introduced to uh a local Science Center
at age five uh and apparently she goes there quite often uh and by age seven
she's now involved with the local astronomy club she gets involved at at
that young age she starts doing serious double star observations uh which is um
uh fantastic uh at such a young age um
and as she grows older uh and is you know we're all under Lockdown from the
uh Global pandemic which is the reason that we started Global star party uh she
starts something called The Starry scoop and uh this was a monthly newsletter
uh where she was disseminating the news of astronomy uh and that newsletter now goes all over the world uh Caitlyn I'm
going to bring you on uh to U give your presentation but certainly uh please
tell them about star scoop and where they can subscribe to it
themselves yes thank you for that wonderful introduction hi all my name is Caitlyn um I will mention the star scoop
later on tonight and it'll show up in my little little presentation here um but
for tonight I'm going to tell my story in my astronomy Journey so how I got into it um and what's my life been like
since um again I got into astronomy from a very young age at about five years old
um in the months leading up to my first year at school kindergarten um my mom
would bring me to the Springfield science Museum's planetarium almost every single day uh my sisters and I
would lay back in chairs and just look up and we would not only be cap captivated by the stars um dotting the
ceiling but by the planetarium Educators stories so that's really what got us um
initially um just our start in astronomy we then learned about the Springfield um
science Museum's Outreach event um it was monthly called Stars Over Springfield and we attended that and
then we became part of the Springfield stars club which is an animateur asy Club in
that same town so here's a few photos of me um I was a little here this is me
observing the Sun the moon and I mean this community was just very welcoming I
it it was fun so when I got my first telescope and I was seven years old um
little did I know that I would be featured in the Springfield Stars club's monthly
newsletter um this is my telescope's first light you can see here um it was
Winter it was a bit cold I'm up in New England um mean I was just very excited
my dad and um the writer planing this um he showed it to me the next day and I was just
[Music] astonished so of course we had a branch out we joined the amoris dami club as
well as the Aruna Hill Nature and Science Center um these are two um
amazing clubs sadly the amers club dis banded but the arena Hill Club is just
amazing it's part of a dark sky site up and coming to Massachusetts we go um camping up there
we bring our telescopes we go on nature walks we launch rockets it's a lot of
fun so of course I had to go to the annual event up in Northfield the astronomer
conjunction um again this was just a great event um a lot of welcoming people
in astronomy just got together and I learned a lot from it and then I went to the Harvard
Harvard Center of for astrophysics and I visited their glass Play Collection which was very very
interesting we then went up to anamarie college at The Aldrich um Astronomical
Society and of course I attended stalhane um Scott mentioned stalhane this is um
an annual astronomy convention up in Springfield Vermont and I started going going to
this in about 2015 2016 and I haven't missed one since except of course for
the pandemic year but we don't really count that um this is me on a Little Rock standing um a top Breezy
Hill so of course that was all my personal life and how I pursued my astronomy interest but I wanted to bring
that to my school life so in second grade second grade me put together three big projects that year um I did um a
little poster on Uranus my favorite planet at the time I was just so interested in it um its rings its tilt
how it came to be so that's me standing next to my project I gave a PowerPoint
presentation to my class just to share um what astronomy was what you can do to
get involved and then at the end of the year I dressed up as Katie Coleman um an
astronaut from around my area and pretended to be here for a day and for me this was very important because I
met her previous um previously before this little presentation that I gave but
um after that and the years following I met her several times and now um I can say that I really know her as a
friend so that was elementary school and then when I got to sixth grade I really
wanted to Branch out more and get all my friends involved in um space and astronomy so I worked with my teachers
and I convinced them to set up a star party in our field one night um this was my
telescope and from the Star party I decided to start an astronomy club and
it was going great we had a lot of interest a lot of club members but sadly the pandemic put it to a
halul um and this was something that we were not expecting we didn't know how we
could get together and observe safely because at that time we didn't know like how dangerous coid
was so I decided to take matters into my own hands and I needed to communicate um
with the club and keep them all together so I decided to start the starry scoop
um like Scott mentioned this is a monthly space and stry newsletter I've been writing it since April of 2020 I
haven't missed a month since um and I've put out special editions of it um I've
really enjoyed writing this um it's a great way to keep the community involved and since then it's just really exploded
um it goes out worldwide um if you guys would like to receive um copies of your
own you can contact me at starcop gmail.com or visit me on Facebook I have
a Facebook page that is just Starry
scoop excellent so because we were stuck at home um we used a lot of zoom and so
the Springfield Science Museum invited me on their online outreach program called Astro online and we had a ton of
fun it it was kind of like this event that we have here um but sadly it has been put on
halt since but it was a lot of fun I learned how to really public speak here um it was a great way way to reach the
community while we were all stuck at home
um just following that I became a board member of the Springfield stars club
this was a very important time for me because um I was just a member of this
club for many many years since I was just five years old um and being a board member just really meant a lot for me um
and at this time I was giving presentations for them um not only to um
club members at their club meetings but at Outreach events um where we help out
and it was just a really fun time a great way to get the community involved
again so that was my elementary school days and then I shifted gears into Middle School the pandemic restrictions
finally lifted and we were able to meet in person so I wanted to start up another space and astronomy club so I
got the old gang back together and this is us at our kickoff star party or
observing event um out in the middle school parking lot you can see my telescope again here I think this night
we're looking at Jupiter Saturn the moon and I think the Orion Nebula which is
very very fun now this club was just amazing we had a ton of members involved
we did Outreach at Walmart one night we observed the moon because again light
pollution kind of put a halt to everything else but the moon was just stunning um and club members had a lot
of fun and then we were surprised by one of our fellow students
grandfather um donating a telescope that he made um decades ago to the club now
this telescope was beautifully handcrafted and we decided to kind of spruce it up a bit so it's ready for for
use so we googled online how to clean it I've never I never did this before um so
it was kind of um very nerve-wracking but we did it we took it apart we
cleaned the mirror and we put it back together um and we still have this to this day U we used it for a different
observing events and then um after our efforts of
bringing astronomy to the public kind of got out in our town our local gas and
electric company decided to give us a grant for $500 to purchase a modified
Library telescope um and we put this in our elementary school where we all came
from um to kind of give back to younger astronomers and to this day they still have an astronomy club in that
elementary school which is really really cool and they still use this scope so that was middle school and I'm
H happy to say I moved to high school I graduated um and I'm now in 10th Grade so in these two years years this club
has done a lot um I think on the second day of school I got a call from our local gas and electric company and they
wanted to feature us on a uh powerful stories um kind of News segment so they
interviewed Us in the new high school and it was just so much fun we were able to reach the community again get
everyone involved and we kind of brought back old club club members to restart this club in high school
excellent um and then again to kick off the club we were invited by again the gas and
electric company to have a booth at our Town's annual Pumpkin Festival um it's a fall festival attended by I think 5,000
to 8,000 people um each year so it was huge um we were able to borrow a 90
mimet cor Coronado dedicated solar telescope which had a built-in hydrogen
Alpha filter which was amazing um and I mean hundreds and thousands of people
visited our booth that day and it was just great to see the community involved um coincidentally this event is actually
happening again this weekend the day of the annual annual eclipse and I am
crossing my fingers that our bad weather holds off or at least gets pushed to Sunday so we can see this because we
have a perfect opportunity to bring per like beautiful views of this Eclipse to
the public
and then I think a few weeks following that we were invited to Six Flags new englands um where we set up a few solar
telescopes and had a few different interactive activities for the kids and we were able to get the public involved
yet again um and it was just fun it was a fun way to um bring Outreach to the
community and then this was recently we borrowed again the Coronado telescope and we brought it to our town green um
and I mean we had dozens and dozens of people attend um it was a great way to get the community involved again this is
me with the
telescope and then this is going back a bit this was November of 2022 we got the
club together to view the total lunar eclipse this was very very fun um these
are some photos I took um and the phases leading up to it and the totality
um this is kind of an example of getting the community involved again we invited the public to come and just a bunch of
club members came and they were educated on this event they got to view it and I mean some of these kids were really
really dedicated they were able to wake up at 3 4 a and drag their parents out of bed to get them to drive to this
event so it was very very fun so this was uh pretty recently this
is January 6 6 2023 we gave a talk at
stars over Springfields um and may I remind you that this was the very event that kind of got me into astronomy this
was the Outreach event thrown by the Springfield science museum that I went to when I was just a mere five years old
um so our club talked here and we're actually giving another talk in a few months in January
again and I mean these club members fabulous presentations fabulous stories
it was just a lot of fun so even more recently we went to
Springfield Symphony Hall and we had a little booth there we went as a club um
we brought and shared our love of astronomy with the public this is our little booth um this
is another telescope that we purchased for the
schools and clear skies but before I end off here I just want to remind you all
that we are all citizens of our planet Earth and when you go outside and under
the starry night we and look up just remind yourself that we are all looking
at the same sky thank you wow that was excellent
excellent um uh Caitlyn uh thank you for um uh you know talking about star scoop
it really is near and dear to my heart uh that you did this during the pandemic um uh of course uh when the everybody
went to lockdown I can't tell you how many phone calls and emails and text messages I got from people that were
just kind of going out of their minds that you know they couldn't go to Star parties they couldn't attend astronomy
meetings and stuff like that so I think that what you did was very very important um I also want to add too I
think that uh all the educational Outreach work that you've done is very important I I want to ask you have you
already seen it take some effect have you seen um young people change because
of your uh work with um you know showing them the Stars maybe seeing Saturn for
the first time or something like that oh definitely um earlier this week I went
back to my middle school and I represented the middle school club because I mean it's still ongoing and I
had a telescope set out um outside to look at Saturn and those kids were just
so amazed by Saturn that I mean they a lot of them just called their parents over said mom dad you got to come look
at Saturn this is amazing and the parents would look at it and they'd ask me hey did you put an image in there
like what are we seeing oh yeah like a little slide or something that yeah yeah and I mean I can see the effects that
just viewing Saturn has on these people and I mean i' I've seen through
so many events looking at the sun the Moon the um eclipses it it just the
impact is huge and I'm just so happy that I had I have this opportunity to bring this to them yeah I think it's
fantastic I don't think you're going to stop doing it I I I get the sense that this is kind of a already a life mission
for you um where do you see yourself going and I mean you're in high school
now what what's next I would love to go into astrophysics um I haven't picked out of
college yeah I have my parents harping on me for that but I I mean I love science I love astronomy I'd love to
pursue a field in that and of course I'd love to public speak even more and just do more Outreach and bring it to the
public fantastic well you're always welcome here on global star party so that's that's wonderful thank you so
much thank you David Levy uh you're still here with us what did you
think you are you are muted like I
was I was so excited
so is this better that's better is this better can you hear me now yeah okay I
wanted I just wanted to say that I was so impressed with Caitlyn's presentation her uh delivery the Poise
the uh motion and everything that she had in it it kind of reminded me of how
I got started a little bit and seeing how I got started through her eyes was
really very very special congratulations Kaitlyn thank you thank you wonderful okay Caitlyn thanks thanks
again and um again uh you know you're welcome as a you can consider yourself a
permanent VIP on global star party so take take
care okay so let's um let's transition here um we will uh go to uh Mike weasner
who is in very near um uh David Levy up there in Arizona and so uh Mike um is uh
heading to Indiana and um uh you are going to uh attend or you're getting
things ready for a uh solar eclipse Festival is that right that's right yeah
for next April wonderful okay well youve got the stage Michael thank you okay
well thank you Scott great to be back on global star party it's been a while since I've been on about a year I guess
when we had the big star party up here in Oracle the David H Levy Arizona dark
sky Star Party September of last year looking forward to having another one
back up here uh that was a great event the community really loved it so yeah I'm going to talk about something here
The that's coming up for next April let me get my screen sharing going
here uh this works let's see it should do it
hopefully so I hope you can all see my screen now yep and I hope my internet
connection stays reasonable so um we're going to talk about this total solar eclipse Festival it's going to be going
on in Seymour Indiana uh next April many
of you are probably wondering where Seymour is what is it fact some of you
may be even wondering what is Indiana where is Indiana in the United States so
uh we're going to talk about that but first of all let's get into a little bit of history of Seymour uh it's been
around for a number of years as a community it was first settled in the early 1800s by James Shields and his
family uh there's lots of things around the town that are now you know honoring that name uh he got a North South
Railroad established in the late 1840s and then shortly after that in the
mid 1850s he got an East West Railroad is coming through his area um so that
was sort of the beginning of the growth spurt uh for Seymour the town was named for the
railroad civil engineer J Seymour town was incorporated in
1864 with a population of 1553 Freeman Army Airfield was an
advanced pilot training base during World War II so that's kind of an interesting little thing to me as a
former Air Force pilot interesting little tidbit about this m Airfield they
had a a captured V2 rocket there they didn't launch it it was just studied they had a lot of captured German air
Air Force planes there at the base uh so they did a lot of really cool stuff there at this old army airfield back in
World War II time frame today's population is about 22,000 which is a pretty good increase
from what it was when I was growing up in Seymour back in the 1950s and 1960s a
population was about 12,000 back then now Seymour has some claims to fame
and we're g just highlight a few of those first train robbery in the United States occurred in seamour area in
October 6th 1866 by the Reno Brothers they stole about 12 to1 15,000 worth of
uh stuff uh so that was the first train Robbie in the United States my
hometown it's known as the crossroads of America because of those two
intersecting uh east west north south uh railroads going through Seymour creating
a lot of business a lot of traffic through the area there's also two major north south and east west cross country
highways passing through Seymour so it really is the crossroads of not only Southern Indiana but of
America it's also been the home for a few famous people Edgar Wickham governor of Indiana
1969 to 1973 was in his hometown but he lived there for a number of years and when I
would be walking to uh a couple of the schools that I attended there in Seymour back in the 50s and 60s I walked past uh
where his home was big home Katie Stam was Miss America in 2008 and Miss am M
Miss Indiana in 2008 and Miss America in 2009 U so that was kind of a a big deal
for the community John melan Camp famous rock
and roll musician he likes to say he was born in a small town of Seymour Indiana
and he's in the Rock and O Hall of Fame back in 2008 so there's this nice mural
there in the community about him a little bit of an astronomy twist
now Dr Frank Evanson said Seymour as his hometown and he was the Indiana
University astronomy department chairman from 1944 to 1978 long run for a department
chairman he began his research career in 1934 working at the L observatory in
Flagstaff Arizona as an observing assistant to Clyde Tombo the discoverer
of Pluto and I refer you to David Levy's excellent biography of Clyde Tomball he
touches on this relationship between Indiana University and at that time I
believe he was a graduate student Frank Edmonson and the work that he did there
l observ atory with Clyde so rather interesting connections personally here
to me being from Seymour and now living here in Arizona rather interesting a
little bit more about Dr amonson he established the IU asteroid program in
1949 I worked on the asteroid program as an undergraduate student at Indiana
University uh from 1966 through 1970 uh I was part-time during my four
years of college and then after I graduated in 1970 I worked on the program full-time uh for a couple of
months Dr Emon was the astronomy program's director 1956-57 for the National Science
Foundation he was an advisor on the development and site selection of the national Optical astronomy observatories
now known as norlab and so he was involved heavily involved with uh the
selection and creation of Kit Peak National Observatory out here just uh 65 miles to me in that
direction he was instrumental in creating the association of the universities for research in astronomy
so he is pretty well connected uh back in those days in in
astronomy there was another kind of maybe famous Hometown boy um that's me
with my 3-inch Newtonian telescope from mman scientific and that was taken on
Easter Sunday morning in 1962 I made the front page of the local
newspaper in December of 1964 with some photos of a lunar total lunar eclipse
that I had taken using that telescope and a little roll camera box camera that
my mom had that I modified and I saw my first solar eclipse in the front yard of my home
there in Seymour in July of 1963 and there's that same 3-in
telescope with a projection screen mounted above the IPS projecting the the eclipsed sun image
there so very briefly we're going to talk about the solar eclipse next April uh this is the path of totality coming
through Indiana and down here is where Seymour is and it was really an interesting
decision I had to make because I know Bloomington Indiana University over here is going to be having a big event going
on did I want to go to my Elma M or do I want to go to my hometown well Hometown
came through and invited me first so that's where I'm going to be so the eclipse starts at 1:50 in the afternoon
totality starts at 3:6 totality ends at 309 Clips will end at 423 so Seymour is
going to have a respectable uh totality duration of three minutes and 7 Seconds that's kind
of cool so being on the path of totality SE is going to have a celebration going to
have this Eclipse Festival on Sunday the 7th of April from 9:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.
there's going to be speakers there's going to be events there's activities going on it's going to be meteorologist
talking about the eclipse weather update for us the Seymour High School science department will have a talk on telescope
Sun viewing how to identify planets and stars during the eclipse and possibly
we'll see any comment during the eclipse the Louisville Astronomical Society they're going to be talking about
amateur astronomy as a hobby a local photographer is going to have an
astrophotography exhibit the Seymour Boys and Girls Club
is going to have a Kids Corner with stem activities and lots of other activities going on the Southern Indiana Taco if I
pronounce that right drum group will be doing a performance and workshop the Seymour High School music
department is going to be doing live music and in honor of that I'm wearing my Seymour Senior High School band
sweatshirt from back in the 1960s when when I was in the band there'll be a talk on poets and
politicians that'll be a tribute to John melan Camp and there'll be food and arts and
crafts vendors and oh yeah I'm going to be giving a talk on Eclipse AST photography
I'll also be selling and signing my autobiography eclipse glasses will be
available to all the festival attendees the main Eclipse viewing site is going to be at Freeman municipal airport
that's where where uh the Army Airfield was back during World War II and there's a beautiful Museum there so if you're
going to be in Seymour for the eclipse go check out the the Army Airfield Museum lots of great
displays be food trucks and telescopes there's a website that's still in work seore eclipse. comom so check that out
for updated information and all of the activities will be free to everybody so come on
down great so one last little Point here um turns out I guess I'm old enough to
be considered a museum piece on Saturday the 6th of April I will be on display at
the Seymour Museum Center of Indiana I'll be doing book signings of my book
my autobiography so if you're in Seymour come on over Little Gus plug that's the
cover of my autobiography it's available on Amazon both in paperback and Kindle versions but of course come to see more
you can buy a copy and I'll sign it right there so I wish everybody clear skies for next April and of course this
Saturday for the annual Eclipse it'll be partial here in Arizona uh the sun will
be sun diameter about 85% will be covered so thank you Scott appreciate it
I really appreciate it too Mike thanks thanks for your presentation it's gonna be a great time in
Indiana you bet awesome uh we are now
heading down to Brazil uh to uh marchelo Souza who was a big influence on uh Anna
Catarina uh she she mentioned her him in her talk uh when you go online onto our
Global Star Party page uh you just go explor scientific.com GSP 134 you can read about each one of
the speakers that was on tonight and uh hopefully you uh rewind uh this this uh
particular um Global Star Party to watch to rewatch some of the programs I think
you'll find them fascinating as you watch them again and again uh marello
thank you for coming on to Global Star Party what is going on in Brazil
hi Hi and nice to meet you all of you it's a great pleasure to be here
thank you for the invitation congratulations anarina nice to see you
here and all of you anarina I think that she didn't say but she also worked in a
observatory in United States during one year in at the university university of
ton she worked with Mike hibs studying asteroids there from the
The Observatory hi professor hi just to say like thank you so much it's good to see
you as well as always um but yes so like just to say also like as cot was mentioning that like here is still my
mentor um that also happened after I met uh Dr Hibbs during an astronomy trip
astronomy club trip I met him and uh we talked about like these opportunities as well so um it's U it's funny how like
marel has been my mentor since I was 13 and uh you know going forward
yeah great congratulations Kina now be the next p
in biology and this is very important this shows what that is important to develop
Outreach activities because astronomy is that can motivate the students
interest for science maybe they will not work with astronomy but they know how
that you can develop herar and can and they find found find
the direction right direction that what motivated them and
congratulations for your Su and I today I will tell uh different
history today because it's associate part of this history is associated with
an eclipse now that is what will happen this Saturday for us here we will be a
partial solar eclipse let me share here my
screen I don't know if you know the history of this guy and this person I
have here a script here with all information is a lot of information
before I tell the history I show this m that I
think that I'm sorry for the dog here is near the dog is near me
here and and here are the mes
ofps taken by the International Space Station in 2007
the same image and they have a short video showing
this here you can see the shadow here on the surface of the
Earth the Blacky Circle here the Finger of God that's they
call you see the image from the space that's
some SP
uh ever we make to make a reflection
about your life you see from space the shadow eclipse prot solar
eclipse on the Earth surface as the same that the
[Music] astronauts see from the International Space
Station uh and here are some picture showing in the past how people
hea when they saw the an eclipse phal solar eclipse and this that is a
fantastic story history but is not associated with Pho solar eclipse but we
with lunar eclipse to lar Eclipse Columbus when he arrived in
Jamaica and I F to induce the natives of Jamaica to continue providing Provisions
for his crew he us a total lunar eclipse of M March
1st 154 H that in Jamaica was visible the
day was February 29 because was a a bessed I don't know how to say this year
this special year Fe February has another day in English in
Portuguese to intimidate then then the natives gave to
him everything he asked for he had two hours I think that one hour one hour to
that to to make the natives to do what he wants before the the
moon the the total lunar eclipse yeah another
image about he action about the Pho solar eclipse here is a flch
journal and now is about a flower I I I don't know I think that the
name in in English is hydrangia now that
means that means my daughter here that means ensia I don't know what is the
name that use United States if is Hy D orenia but it is associated with
astronomer I don't know if you know that is associated with astronom the name of
the flower was after an astronomer a French astronomer in honor of her and I will
tell I will tell this history now that it's a fantastic history these are
[Music] and this is the the French
astronomy leot she was married I have a
information here she born in Paris and she married the Royal watch
maker Andre and she added her name here and
she her HB met jom that was
[Music] director years after she he begins to be
a director of the Paris Observatory and the she was a human
computer she was a fantastic mathematics and she felt very motivated
to work to do all the ccul to the development of
clocks uh new kinds of clocks with her
husbands and also she felt motivated to work with astronomy to make out the
calculations about astronomy and she worked with
L and she was responsible to make a more accurate
prediction about about the return of the har comets and she produced an
almanac that all information FM from
1761 to 1769 this included an last solar eclipse
in 1762 and what is the part of the history
here also she made the prediction of the trans of the Venus in
1761 that he repeated eight years later in
1769 what is the importance of the trans of Ven because a person that is a was a
famous astronomer that is g he discovered I think that three or
four objects from the mess Cal and he was
motivated to observe the trans of
Venus but he needed to travel to India to see the trans
1761 but H nothing work as he
planed sometimes they call him that is the
astronomer the best look astronomy I don't know if it's correct in Engish but
astronomy very bad look that what happened with him he
traveled to see the transit of event
1761 but when he was driveling to a place that
belongs to French belong to French then
England take this land this region in India from France then he needed to
change his plans and travel to a different region in India to see the
ecli the trans of Venus when he arrived in the place he had problems to leave the boat
and he needed to make all to see the trans of Venus from inside the
boat then it wasn't possible for him to make
the all the measurements that he travel to do then he begins to be very sad with
this as he need to wait 80 years for the next trans he decided to stay there to
see the next trans of Venus then he stay 0
years far from Frank his wife imagined that he was that
because he didn't send any information to his family he was member of the royal
of the Academy of France science of France he lost his position in the
Academy of France and he stayed eight years there he did a lot of things in
these eight years he traveled to Philippines and he was in jail there everything
a lot of thing happened with him and eight years later he built an
observatory to see the transit of Venus in
1769 then in the moment the moment of the
trans of Venus this sky was with a lot of clouds and he lost the trans of Venus he
tried for two times and he didn't see and he didn't make the ER measurements
that he would like to do then after this he was very sad and
he begin to return to France but when he
was turn to France on the ship bodes Expedition
coordination by L B right ER he brought with him a flower
that wasn't cataloged until then and he
told his history about the eclipse about the trans of Venus Venus and said
that who was the person that made all the calculations that he was trying to
confirm with the
measurement and then the botanic gave the name of
the flower lip out in honor of the this
French astronomer this woman later they Chang the name
toia and sometimes you have a history that they
say that is also how they call it ha but
today have have doubts about this but originally was in honor of her the name
Le out today they call H hydrangia I don't know if it's correct in my English
or correct word but anyway this is the
flower of astronomy here
ort with her husband and and the one of here you have a a CR on the
moon that called leot you know here here
is the image of his omac and here the G Legend too that
didn't made measurements that and I I know that you have a movie about
his history because when he returned to France his wife was married with another
person he lost a position in the academy but he
after uh a perod
heed with his position in the academy and he's like a love story this mve him
and here is the flower of astronomy we use it
for as was name it in of a French Asom
liot and we are organizing many activities for the here will be a
partial solar eclipse but we are visiting schools make
presentations and the we are ER gave for the student for
population 2,700 glass that I sent by stepen
H and we are planning to give
more 1,500 glass until the moment of eclipse now I hope that the sky will be clear in
the day because be even a partial solar eclipse is a very special moment thank
you very much Scot for the invitation it's a great to be here thanks again for
a fantastic presentation and uh I'll have to remember those flowers yes the power of
astronomy right okay all right so our next speaker is um uh Adrien Bradley
Adrien does uh poetic and amazing often
Serene uh images of the night sky against the landscape and sometimes with
uh you know even on cloudy nights he uh uh finds uh ways to weave in the Milky
Way and uh really capture our our hearts and Imagination uh Adrian thanks for coming
on to Global star party and um what do you have for us tonight well thank you
once again Scott for having me and of course if I
had some water I would have drunk it right there so um well there's a couple of things that
I wanted to go ahead and share um we've had a great Global star
party I've been listening the whole time and um there's been all sorts of um
discussion regarding um you know our planet Earth the theme
that you set up for us um knowing our planet and it's it's near and dear to my heart
because part of the reason that I decided to stay in doing a lot of
Widefield uh landscape astrophotography it's is it's called or
nightscapes um I looked up a definition of astronomy and it you know it
pertained to everything off of Earth but our our own planet is in space that uh
that image of pale blue dot that uh Carl Sean um you know talked um saying talked
over sounds like it's uh it you it basically told us this is the
only home that we've ever known we are a part of space we are in a family of
planets in a solar system orbiting our own star and um so when shooting images
in the night sky we do it from the vantage point of Earth which is also you
know a part of this universe so I figure Earth is always visible in most most of
my shots so what I want to do first is
share a little bit of my Eclipse memories and then I'll share some of
what I've been working on um to close down um this uh 134th Global Star Party
um of course I'm not here with my partner in crime John Schwarz but I do have an image um I had an image for him
but I'll just have to share it to the rest of you all um at the end of the presentation so I'll start with sharing my
screen and I forgot to share I'm gonna stop it because I forgot to share
audio there is an audio portion but it won't be music this it won't be music Scott
it'll okay let's see share sound I'll optimize her video clip that
may help okay so so here we are sharing what for most
folks when partial eclipses are happening when we're headed to totality
this may be a familiar site you start doing things with uh where you create
shadows and you can create the um little
crescents that come because the sun the sun casts Crescent
Shadows um it fair to warn you that if you do not use protective gear your each
one of those little crescents well you'll have one in each eye uh your
cornea being burned out because the power of the sun's Rays even when partially blocked by the Moon is still
strong enough to Blind um or you know that hole that uh
someone uh was discussing maybe it was uh it was either maxi or Cesar who said
that they had the Cesar amateur astronomer came in and said he had his
uh badge of honor a little dark spot in his vision due to looking at the uh
Eclipse before it went total looking at it with uh number 14 welders glass and
still that not being enough to block the uh race coming from the Sun so this
picture these pictures here are pictures I collected in 2017 some are my own many
are my own but some are fantastic pictures taken by uh other photographers
that shared the images with me um I would be remissed if I didn't at least
acknowledge I don't have their names they this particular sequence was an
excellent sequence shared with me um while we were here I had the telescopes
both telescopes going my children are out here I was most glad that I had my
children here at this Eclipse party we were down in
um White House Tennessee this is at that in 2017 that was the center line now
we've learned where the center line will be for this eclipse coming
up those of us in Michigan are just going to miss the center line there may be somewhere near this border that gets
to see totality for a brief couple of seconds but Cleveland gets to see it
there's a spot in Canada that sits out over Lake Erie and is in the path of
totality you just heard about Indiana which is somewhere over here if we look
for the lines here's Indiana and this is where totality comes so totality is
going to shoot through here come to the north of Ohio and out that way it comes
down Indiana and down toward the south towards Illinois
um so that's where you'll want to be in April as far as this weekend goes you
just want to be somewhere where it's not cloudy in some places this is as far as
you will get in other places you may get even less you may get a sliver of the uh
Moon being taken out some thoughts on capturing
totality this was before I took up Photography in Earnest so this was my feeble
attempt at capturing totality now what I saw through the eyepiece in my 11inch
scope it's worth if you're a visual astronomer and you have at least a 10
inch or 11 inches of aperture or more you will see some amazing things and
there are prominences you'll see um during totality you'll see these lines
as well you know that we all Drew lines coming around the Stars maybe it was our
inate way of describing light emanating from the Sun well um I Heard a podcast
where do Pamela gay basically mentioned those lines are for real and yes you do
see those lines if you examine the corona using a uh telescope it's quite a
sight and um you'll hear me mentioning
that um the other thing I'll mention before I play this video that I captured
um it was about a one minute video during totality and I'll play that for you for those that have never seen
totality this is what it's like you it's Dusk and plant life shuts down animal
life shuts down this is the behavior of plants and animals
basically does what it does at dusk you've got that salmon color the
difference is now with a real Sunset you'll see that color opposite the sun
wherever the sun is or you'll see it when the Sun goes below Horizon during a total solar eclipse it's around the
entire Horizon the entire Horizon gets thrown in a sunset so this picture
thanks to the photographer who took this my goal is to recreate an image similar
to this maybe showing a little more detail of totality it may be difficult
the brightness of totality tends to I've heard about the brightness of a full
moon so we will be putting that to the test as we take a few once totality
comes the goal is to take a few pictures I've taken full moon shots handheld and
I would be taking shots of totality handheld and hopefully getting some
decent uh shots while remembering to stop and look at it with the
eyes so a big part of being at a total solar
eclipse event if you're invited to one I would go because being there with the
people and experiencing totality is a wonderful thing so let me go ahead and
play and this picture someone sent to me that's as close as it gets to showing
what it's like looking up at the Ed Eclipse Sun it is truly it's a
breathtaking event and even though you know what's going on it is still you
know there's still a lot of Wonder and there's still you're still sort of
wondering you know if I didn't know the science behind this or you know
have any kind of uh warning I might feel like something
terrible is about to happen because the sun is gone and there's you know the
corona is out there but it's it is truly a beautiful and marvelous event so
hopefully you'll be able to hear this Scott just let me know if if you can't hear it this is a video while totality
is
happening oh oh
wow I gotta let you still not getting good pictures through the uh go look on
his go ahead you here first are you guys able to hear the
video through Zoom or the audio just take us a quick think of that I don't
have it full on but just take a look at that I don't want to hog that cuz it's
time is
okay I'm just not steady enough
Jupiter that one is that one's either Mercury or Mars not
sure which oh yeah it's either Mercury or Mars I'm not sure
which
oh we're near the end all right Garrett and
Richard get a photo right now you can see prominences
off of the sun if you look at itop there
um there's a longer video
that there's a longer video that shows that phase where the where the eclipse
where the eclipse ends and the diamond ring phase comes out I would have to go
ahead and find it um if I um wanted to
show that but but a few other notes to
share um here's Justin plovi if you look him up he shared his work this was this
was an amazing photo of [Music] um you know from Total
sun to these phases totality in the middle
now it's interesting is if you're not you know if you're not in the path of
totality you stop somewhere along here and you go to the opposite side and the
moon Retreats depending on what part of the earth you're in um Detroit Michigan
you'll go all the way around to here maybe even closer but then the
um you know the moon will Retreat you don't get to see totality so it's very
much worth looking at totality if you can really
quick the story of these six gentlemen none of them these are veterans none of them really cared that totality happened
the other day they were living their lives um when we do Outreach sometimes
we're going to deal with people that are concerned with their everyday living um
you know for for the things that these gentlemen have seen um you know they they may be happy
that they're just still getting together you know they were they were in Nashville which was in
the path of totality now one thing problem with Nashville is that the cloud
came over and covered totality so there must not have been much for them to see if they did look up they just noticed it
got dark and I had a wonderful chat with them um I think you you may recognize
this image that may be Maxi's that he shared and there's another diamond ring image but um yeah it's
truly a wonderful site and definitely worth um going to see
now before I end this um Scott this isn't this is sort of the Ode
to uh John Schwarz because what I found is if you take an iPhone yeah and you
take a night scene or you know nautical
twilight heading towards heading towards astronomical Twilight you take a
picture if you extend the length of the
U exposure in night mode you get what looks like a
painting and I found that to be a really interesting effect especially with this photo as
well the the thought Bob Ross comes to mind but I think Bob Ross would have
painted this even smoother but um that's an interesting
effect when it comes to um using the iPhone camera to take photos and the
lack of detail creates this painterly look to a photo and I found that very
very interesting so that's more that I have to experiment with and then as far
as what I'm working on now [Music] um here you've got all these photos and
in every last one of them if you ask well where is the earth that's the scene
below so a third of the picture at least of
all my P Widefield Landscapes will contain
um they will contain the planet Earth on them and uh there will
I also try and capture looking up at the night sky um this image gives you that feeling
of that you're standing there and you're and you see this Aurora in the distance you see the TR this is exactly
what you see except that it's maybe not as bright um the Aurora when it's distant
Aurora it isn't quite as bright as this these colors don't show up but but you
do see something going on in the distance and you see all of these stars
and one of the reasons for capturing it like that is because it's absolutely
beautiful you can turn around and you see this Lighthouse and you see even more
stars um you know Aurora to the north and Milky Way is spewing forth from the
White Tower it's really beautiful yes it is and that was one of the reasons I like I've sold that picture um this is
even more of a Milky Way spewing yeah you know the light from the lighthouse is spewing out this way yeah
it's kind of metaphorical and it's beautiful and um yeah well composed good
job Adrian yeah so not all images work out
um the uh where is it
last two images may not have turned out as well as I had
hoped trying to stack images but the idea was
to try and stack the stack 20 images together and see if I got more of the
signus region as it's setting here's signus there was a cloud that ended up I
ended up getting this Fanning of the night sky because there were clouds in it so so there's going to have
to be some more to think about and maybe consider doing longer exposures and
composits instead when it when it's cloudy because the
stacking puts all of the it puts the stars together it's great but it also
creates an interesting uh effect here that I may
not have wanted and and
finally this would be my light pollution entry that's ant Arbor Michigan and it's
being added to by the um Rising Moon over here which I've done a little bit
better in the past of getting the Rising Moon to show the way that we see it my
goal is always to share the night sky as I see it the at least the Earth as it
appears to our eyes we see more than a camera exposed the camera has to be
exposed either for the ground or for the sky and it's very difficult to do both
especially with different lighting conditions but that's the challenge that I take up because the goal is to share
the night sky the way it looks no matter what's in the sky um and be able to
present that uh to viewers it's a challenge putting images together like that but once you
do it's remarkable how you can it enables people to travel with you to
these various sites whether you want to be there by yourself or not you hear coyotes in the distance and you hope
they don't come close um the only thing that I can't show is that sound but I
can show what it's like to look out there and that's that's why I do it and
scottt I'm going to stop sharing turn it back over I think it's just you me and
uh marello Marcelo are left more there's more there yeah but uh yeah I do want to
um I want to uh uh thank all the presenters tonight um that uh we're on
the 134th Global star party uh we will um uh be taking upon from Global star
party because we have an annular eclipse coming up I have a trip uh uh to um uh
overseas and I need to make that trip um but uh we will be back uh of course and
uh uh marching towards uh uh a very special 150th Global star party uh which
I look forward to as well but um um you guys are a fantastic audience we have
fantastic uh presenters uh of all ages and uh let me just bring everyone on
that's still got their cameras on here we've got uh of course Adrian uh
marchelo Souza Kate Caitlyn gulet and uh Anna
Catarina uh Aila and I really appreciate everyone um being here with us and um so
uh as uh as our my good friend Jack horkheimer always used to say uh keep looking up and
um uh you know I wish that all of you get uh a piece of this uh uh annular
Eclipse that uh is coming and um um uh
and you need to get ready for the total eclipse if you're anywhere near the path uh get there uh seeing a total eclipse
will just blow your mind so uh we will see you on the next Global
Star Party take
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care come one come all to the Southern Cross astronomical society's 2024 winter start
party celebrating 40 Years of stargazing happening from February 5 through the
11th 2024 on Scout key in the beautiful Florida Keys get away from the cold and
adjust your latitude underneath the pristine Skies of Southern Florida with breathtaking views of Eda Karina the
jewel box the Southern Cross Centaurus a and of course the Magnificent Omega
centuri tickets will go on sale on or about October 1 2023 sc.org see you
there are your E clips glasses safe for looking at the sun let's check to see if your E clips glasses can handle the heat
or if they need to stay inside first off never check your
eclipse glasses with the sun that's a good way to injure your eyes take your eclips glasses and find a bright light
like a lamp or a flashlight hold your E clips glasses up to the light and look through them the light will appear
extremely dim or not appear at all when looking through the glasses for example you should only be able to see the
filament of a light bulb but not the glow surrounding the bulb also if your eclipse glasses have any marks or
scratches on them don't use them if you have older eclipse glasses from a previous Eclipse give them the check to
make sure they haven't been damaged or scratched all safe eclipse glasses will meet the iso 12312 D2 standard it's best
to store eclipse glasses in a safe place where they won't become scratched or punctured remember never look at the sun
without eclipse glasses or a solar filter be safe and happy Sun viewing
everyone
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